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PODCAST

Explaining History

How do we make sense of the modern world? We find the answers in the history of the 20th Century.For over a decade, The Explaining History Podcast has been the guide for curious minds. Host Nick Shepley and expert guests break down the world wars, the Cold War, and the rise and fall of ideologies into concise, 25-minute episodes.This isn"t a dry lecture. It"s a critical, narrative-driven conversation that connects the past to your present.Perfect for students, history buffs, and anyone who wants to

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All Episodes

30:37

Capitalism without Democracy

Explaining History ·

2026/04/06

In this solo episode of the Explaining History Podcast, we step back from the daily news cycle to examine a question that has shaped the modern world: what is the relationship between capitalism and democracy?For decades, we have been told that economic freedom and political freedom are two sides of the same coin—that the ability of capital to move freely, to invest, to accrue profits, is the mirror of the rights and liberties that citizens enjoy. This is one of the secular articles of faith upon

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32:35

The Birth of the Multipolar Order and the...

Explaining History ·

2026/03/24

Host: NickEpisode OverviewIn this somber and reflective episode, Nick steps away from traditional historical narratives to analyze what he believes is a pivotal, "apocalyptic" turning point in the 21st century. Drawing on the concept of "Westlessness," Nick argues that current tensions in the Persian Gulf and the shifting political landscape in the United States signal the definitive end of Western hegemony and the violent birth of a truly multipolar world.Key Themes and Discussion PointsThe Concept

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31:05

Are We Already in World War III?

Explaining History ·

2026/03/18

Description:In this episode, Nick explores a question currently weighing on the minds of historians and observers alike: are we witnessing the opening stages of a third global conflict? Drawing on the work of Richard Overy and examining the "quasi-peace" of the 20th century, Nick argues that our definitions of "World War" may be too narrow, often ignoring the unrelenting conflict experienced by the Global South since 1945.We delve into the "hollowing out" of the American economic imperium—a

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44:59

The Oscars and the Making of Hollywood

Explaining History ·

2026/03/14

In this special episode of the Explaining History Podcast, recorded just days before the 2026 Academy Awards, we're joined by film and media historian Monica Sandler of Ball State University to explore what the Oscars tell us about American culture, power, and the film industry itself.Monica brings her deep expertise to bear on these questions, tracing the Oscars back to their founding in 1929 as a deliberate attempt to reframe film as an art form—a response to the 1915 Mutual Decision that denied

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25:44

Civil crisis in the Ottoman Empire in 1913

Explaining History ·

2026/03/11

In this episode of the Explaining History Podcast, we return to Eugene Rogan's superbThe Fall of the Ottomansto explore how military defeat and political crisis in the Balkan Wars transformed the Ottoman Empire from within—and set the stage for the birth of modern Turkey.It's remarkable how topical the story of a declining empire, seemingly in endless crisis, yet still capable of surprising its enemies, feels at this moment. But the Ottoman story is worth understanding on its own terms, not just as

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30:13

Iran Roundup – America's Escalating Crisis in the...

Explaining History ·

2026/03/10

In this solo episode of the Explaining History Podcast, I step back from the daily news cycle to offer a comprehensive analysis of where we stand in the unfolding crisis with Iran—and what it tells us about the state of American power in the twenty-first century.What began as what Donald Trump apparently imagined would be a 48-hour spectacular—a Venezuela-style "regime change" moment complete with TV-friendly images of military might—has rapidly escalated into something far more dangerous. The

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27:36

London, New York and the Russian Revolution – The...

Explaining History ·

2026/03/04

In this episode of the Explaining History Podcast, we step away from the battlefields and examine how the February Revolution of 1917 was received and interpreted in two key Western cities: London and New York.When the Tsar fell in March 1917, governments around the world struggled to make sense of what was happening. Russia under revolutionary conditions was—and remains—notoriously difficult to penetrate. Whose reports could be trusted? Which factions would prevail? And what would it mean for the

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28:52

The Habsburg Army in 1914 – Incompetence, Illusion,...

Explaining History ·

2026/03/03

In this episode of the Explaining History Podcast, we turn our attention away from the Western Front and towards a often-neglected combatant of the First World War: the Austro-Hungarian Empire.When we think of military incompetence in the Great War, our minds typically turn to the Western Front—to Haig, to Passchendaele, to the "lions led by donkeys" thesis. But the Habsburg army, which fought the Russians and the Italians across vast and challenging theaters, offers an even starker case study in

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28:16

Trump, Iran, and the Trajectory of American Empire

Explaining History ·

2026/03/02

In this special episode of the Explaining History Podcast, we step back from the hourly news cycle to examine the deeper historical context of the unfolding crisis between the United States and Iran.As the situation in the Middle East escalates hour by hour, with consequences nobody can yet predict, it's tempting to get drawn into "hyperpunditry"—the kind of instant analysis that offers certainty where none exists. This podcast takes a different approach. Instead, we explore the historical patterns

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38:15

The long wait for freedom for South Africa's slaves

Explaining History ·

2026/02/20

In this special episode, we are honoured to be joined by Karen Jennings, a former Booker Prize longlist nominee, to discuss her powerful new novel,The First of December.Set in South Africa during the final days of November 1838, the book explores the fraught moment of full emancipation for the enslaved. We delve into the brutal reality of the "apprenticeship" system that followed the 1833 Abolition Act, the unique Asian roots of Cape slavery under the Dutch East India Company, and the cynical

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25:34

The Dowding System and the Battle of Britain

Explaining History ·

2026/02/19

In this episode of Explaining History, Nick dives into the technical and strategic realities of the Battle of Britain. Moving beyond the "few" narrative of heroic fighter pilots, we explore the structural advantages that allowed the RAF to survive the onslaught of the Luftwaffe in the summer of 1940.Drawing on Richard Overy's The Bombing War, we examine the genius of Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding and his integrated air defense system. How did radar, the Observer Corps, and telephone networks

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33:17

Survival and greed in the conquest of the Aztec Empire

Explaining History ·

2026/02/18

Here is the complete package for this episode, which includes the podcast description, a detailed blog post, and the tidied transcript.Part 1: Podcast Episode DescriptionTitle: The Last Aztec Empress: Survival, Conquest, and the Life of Isabel MoctezumaEpisode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick talks to author Sofía Robleda about her new historical novel, The Other Moctezuma Girls.We delve into the extraordinary and often overlooked life of Isabel Moctezuma (born Tecuichpoch), the

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33:52

Anti-Colonial Struggle 1945-2026

Explaining History ·

2026/02/16

Episode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick explores the historical processes of anti-colonial struggle in the 20th century and how they illuminate the geopolitical crises of 2026.We examine the "imperial boomerang"—how the techniques of colonial violence return to the metropole—and the shift from the age of imperial civil war (1914-1945) to the age of imperial decline. Nick discusses the recent, shocking speech by US Secretary of State Marco Rubio at the Munich Security Conference,

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34:57

Martha Gellhorn, Racism, and the Atrocities of Vietnam

Explaining History ·

2026/02/13

Episode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick returns to the grim realities of the Vietnam War through the eyes of one of the 20th century's most formidable journalists: Martha Gellhorn.Drawing on Philip Knightley's The First Casualty, we explore how Gellhorn—a veteran of the Spanish Civil War and D-Day—exposed the "hearts and minds" strategy as a hollow lie. While American generals bragged about "zapping Charlie Cong," Gellhorn visited the hospitals and refugee camps, documenting the

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22:56

The Collapse of the Sick Man: The First Balkan War...

Explaining History ·

2026/02/10

Episode Summary:In this episode ofExplaining History, Nick delves into the cataclysmic events of 1912-1913 that shattered the Ottoman Empire and set the stage for the First World War.Following the humiliating loss of Libya to Italy, the Balkan states—Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Bulgaria—sensed weakness and struck. We explore how this coalition of former subjects mobilized a massive army of over 700,000 men to drive the Ottomans out of Europe.Drawing on Eugene Rogan'sThe Fall of the Ottomans,

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28:14

The Age of Catastrophe: Eric Hobsbawm and the Crisis...

Explaining History ·

2026/02/09

Episode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick continues his exploration of Eric Hobsbawm’s seminal work, The Age of Extremes.We focus on the first part of Hobsbawm's "historical triptych"—the Age of Catastrophe (1914–1945). Nick argues that this period was essentially a European Civil War, where the violent techniques of imperialism—gas, machine guns, and racial extermination—boomeranged back onto the continent itself.From the collapse of the liberal order in 1914 to the rise of

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29:33

Mao's Lost Generation: Youth, Ideology, and the...

Explaining History ·

2026/02/06

In this episode ofExplaining History, Nick continues his exploration of the Chinese Cultural Revolution through the lens of Tania Branigan'sRed Memory. We examine Mao Zedong's complex relationship with the youth of China—how he mobilized them as revolutionary shock troops, only to discard them when they became a threat to order.We delve into the "Down to the Countryside" movement, where 17 million urban teenagers were sent to remote villages to "learn from the peasants." Nick explores the

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25:51

The origins of the Watts Riot - 1965

Explaining History ·

2026/02/03

While the history of the Civil Rights movement is often told through the lens of the Deep South—Selma, Birmingham, and the marches of Dr. King—a different kind of struggle was brewing in the West. In this episode, we dive into the origins and systemic causes of the 1965 Watts Riots in Los Angeles.Drawing from Mike Davis and Jon Wiener’sSet the Night on Fire, we explore the "economic flytrap" that snared Black youth in Southern California. We discuss the transition from the legal victories of the

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36:38

Shellshock Nation: Fear, Fantasy, and the Myth of the...

Explaining History ·

2026/01/28

Episode Summary:In this episode ofExplaining History, Nick talks to cultural historian Alwyn Turner about his latest book,Shellshock Nation: Britain Between the Wars.We often remember the 1930s as W.H. Auden's "low, dishonest decade"—a time of mass unemployment, hunger marches, and the looming shadow of fascism. But was it really all doom and gloom? Alwyn argues that for many in Britain, the interwar years were a period of vibrant creativity, rising living standards, and the birth of modern consumer

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28:21

The Politics of Resentment: From Brownshirts to ICE

Explaining History ·

2026/01/26

Episode Summary:In this episode of Explaining History, Nick explores the social and historical roots of the fascist foot soldier. Who are the young men who join paramilitary organizations, and what drives them?Following the shocking execution of Renée Good by ICE agents in Minnesota, we draw parallels between the modern American far-right and the Nazi Brownshirts (SA) of the 1920s and 30s. We examine how resentment, loss of status, and the "psychological wage" of whiteness fuel the recruitment of

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