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PODCAST

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke

Isabel Foxen Duke

Deep dives into the new world of Bitcoin-native assets, Layer 2s, and other progressive technologies on Bitcoin.

technology

All Episodes

01:20:18

Protecting Bitcoin From "MEVIL" | With Matt Corallo

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/07/23

After starting full-time in Bitcoin straight out of college (as a co-founder of Blockstream… NBD) Matt Corallo is one of the most long-standing and prolific Bitcoin contributors in the world, having worked on several of its most influential projects—including Lightning, Stratum V2, the original sidechains paper, and more.That being said, he’s arguably best-known in recent history for sounding the alarms about potential risk vectors for miner centralization—including the risks of “Miner Extractable

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01:07:23

Orange Pilling Crypto With Cats and Wizards | With...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/07/15

One of the most influential voices in “Bitcoin Season II,” Udi Wertheimer is one of the most controversial and, perhaps, most misunderstood figures in the Bitcoin community broadly. A self-identified “survivor” of Bitcoin maximalism, Udi’s critiques of Bitcoin-only tribalism – and the suppression of nuanced discussion that arises as a result – made him the perfect spokesperson for post-Ordinals Bitcoiners looking for someone to represent their “Bitcoin-first” rather than “Bitcoin-only”

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01:13:37

Building Rollups on Bitcoin + the Battle for...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/07/03

BITCOIN RAILS EPISODE #27: Building Rollups on Bitcoin + the Battle for ‘OP_Return’ | with @citrea_xyz founders @0x_orkun and @ekrembal_ The founders of Citrea were unlikely superstars in the Bitcoin ecosystem—a team of 24-year-olds, barely out of school, with most of their prior experience in the Ethereum ecosystem. Yet they have rapidly emerged as one of the leading teams at the forefront of BitVM research, design, and implementation—and are the crowned BitVM play for Founders Fund (@peterthiel +

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01:30:34

The Untold Story of CTV | With Jeremy Rubin

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/06/26

The introduction of covenants to Bitcoin has been a long-standing debate—one recently brought back into consideration with the memetically-driven advocacy of “OP_CAT” by the Taproot Wizards.In previous history, the most likely contender for a covenants-enabling OP code was “CTV” (check template verify)—a simpler and more narrow way to enable covenants—that, while once considered radical, is now seen as the “conservative choice” relative to CAT.Serious discussions about implementing CTV have

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01:10:06

The Birth of BitVM and the Fight for "End Game" Money...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/06/18

In early 2024, independent developer Robin Linus published a paper outlining how one theoretically could verify zero-knowledge proofs on native Bitcoin for near-trustless scaling. A feat long considered impossible without a soft fork—the paper went viral, amassing over 3 million views and “nerd-sniping” some of the brightest developers and investors in the space.Since then, a flood of builder effort has gone into actuating BitVM bridges—with many of the most highly valued “layer 2s” contributing to

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01:02:08

History of ZKProofs | With Eli Ben Sasson

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/06/10

The History of Zero-Knowledge Proofs | with ZK “Godfather” Eli Ben SassonIn 2013, computer science professor Eli Ben-Sasson presented his research on zero-knowledge proofs at a small Bitcoin conference outside of Standford University. The presentation immediately sparked interest from Bitcoin Core developer Greg Maxwell—leading Eli into over a decade of sustained work advancing ZK-based solutions for blockchain scalability and privacy.Today, zero-knowledge proofs are widely considered some of the

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01:07:15

Digital Property Rights & ZKPs | With Edan Yago

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/05/22

Edan Yago has been in the “Bitcoin DeFi” ecosystem since before that term was a thing. An early adopter of Rootstock, Yago developed the “largest DeFi ecosystem in Bitcoin” through DEX @sovryn before becoming obsessed with Zero Knowledge Proofs and the promise of BitVM for enabling more trustless rails into and out of Bitcoin. While Yago has most recently been working on the modular-style BitVM bridge @bitcoinOS - we got deep in this episode about the early days of Bitcoin DeFi - and Bitcoin in

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00:57:00

The Problem With Bitcoin L2s | With Mike Casey

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/05/15

Michael Casey was brought on by MARA to address an often overlooked problem in the world of Bitcoin Layer 2s… they generally don’t contribute much to the security budget of Layer 1 Bitcoin. We often hear concerns about fees being either too high OR too low depending on how you look at it… too high if you’re optimizing for 8 billion people being able to use the network in a self-custodial way—but too low if your goal is maintaining network security as Bitcoin block rewards continue to halve over

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00:59:30

Fee-Market Maximalism | With Rena Shah

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/05/07

Stacks was one of the first “Bitcoin L2s” (or “Bitcoin scalers” if you’ll call it that) that has stayed incredibly relevant in the Bitcoin Season 2 era. From conducting the first regulated token sale to becoming a face of the Ordinals ecosystem, Trustmachines COO Rena Shah guides us through the network’s history, and why she believes its positioned to keep both Bitcoin’s network and ethos alive. In this episode, we discussed:How Stacks pulled off the first regulated token saleStacks consensus,

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01:23:12

Make Bitcoin Quantum Resistant | With Hunter Beast

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/04/08

Is Bitcoin going to break? Don’t roll your eyes: quantum computing may be a more realistic threat to Bitcoin than you think, and it may only be a few years away. Thankfully, Bitcoin dev Hunter Beast is preparing us in advance with the thoughtful BIP 360 – an effort to bring post quantum cryptography to Bitcoin.In this episode, we discussed:- How quantum computing threatens your Bitcoin wallet- The vulnerability of Satoshi’s one million BTC- How to stay protected against quantum (for now!)- How banks

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01:18:59

Cracking The Bitcoin Bridging Problem | With Alexei...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/04/02

Build on Bitcoin (BOB) co-founder Alexei Zamayatin is older than he looks folks: he’s been researching how to build “trustless” Bitcoin bridge architecture since 2018, long before it felt anything close to a mainstream conversation. When Robin Linus came out with BitVM, he believed he found the answer to this impossible problem, and has since poured his efforts into BitVM2 and BOB – a “hybrid L2” between Bitcoin and Ethereum.In this episode, we discussed:- Alexei’s long history researching Bitcoin

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01:14:29

Domo's Perspective & the History of BRC20 | With Domo

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/03/27

A particularly special episode—@domodata sits down with me for his first video interview ever—to recount the unique history of the BRC20 protocol.The first Bitcoin-native token standard ever created, BRC20 came into existence almost overnight and quickly emerged as a multibillion dollar asset class in 2024.This episode covers the influences leading up to the birth of $ORDI, the roles of different players involved along the way, and how core maintainers are preparing for their next major

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01:03:19

Alkanes Are Fueling Programmable Bitcoin | With Oyl...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/03/13

Even after Ordinals, there’s a lot of infrastructure needed to make the Bitcoin economy work: wallets, indexers, interoperability, and programmable metaprotocols. Today's guests – Oyl Dynamics co-founders Alec Taggart and Ray Pulver – are building one software suite to tackle all of these problems, including the tools for anyone to spin up their own metaprotocol!In today’s episode, we discussed:The advantages of building on Bitcoin vs EthereumThe need for interoperability between Bitcoiin

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00:55:45

Which Covenants Proposal Is Best For Bitcoin? | With...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/03/12

There’s a few different softfork proposals floating around to build “covenants” on Bitcoin - but which one is the best? I had Janus (that’s “Yah-NOOSH”) back on the pod at ETH Denver – this time with his partner Red from Bitcoin Layers – for a technical talk on the differences between them, and the consequences of changing or NOT changing Bitcoin. In today’s episode, we discussed:- The difference between CTV, TXHash, and OP_CAT- The limited time we have to change Bitcoin- Advantages of Bitcoin

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01:06:04

The Future Of Bitcoin DeFi | With Dan Held And FarmerJoe

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/03/06

Bitcoin culture wasn’t always about eating red meat. The desire for L2s, DeFi, and experimentation are part of Bitcoin’s earliest roots, and those are the areas that the Asymmetric Bitcoin DeFi Venture Fund is investing in. In our chat at ETH Denver, creators Dan Held and FarmerJoe took me through the history. In this conversation, we discuss:Being early to Bitcoin DeFiWhy Dan and FJ ONLY buy into projects with tokensWhy money isn’t Bitcoin’s only use caseOld vs new Bitcoin maximalismWhether Bitcoin

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00:57:33

Searching For "Real Yield" On Bitcoin | With Rich Rines

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/02/25

Even the most hardline BTC maxis are low-key starving for a way to earn yield on their BTC. CoreDao contributor Rich Rines says that Core Network provides a way for HODLers to do that – without needing to trust any bridge or custodian!In this conversation, we discussHow Core Network combines both Proof of Stake and Proof of WorkWhether CoreDao is a Bitcoin “L1” or “L2”Why Core has proven so successful with a “fair launch” tokenWhether utility tokens can make a comeback under the new

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01:56:21

The BULLISH Case For Runes | With Leonidas

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/02/24

In this extra-rich TWO HOUR episode of Bitcoin Rails, Ordinal Show host and $DOG token co-founder @LeonidasNFT told me about his journey between Bitcoin and Ethereum maximalism, and what led him to launch the most successful Rune on Bitcoin. Unlike Beezy, Leo believes $DOG is a shining example of how Runes can make it, and says we ought to collectively migrate from BRC-20.We discussed:- Leo’s evolution between Bitcoin and Ethereum maximalism- His history as an NFT “archaeologist”- Leo’s distaste for

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01:07:01

Cut Bait On Runes – Save The Art! | With Beezy

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/02/13

With all the pain and cope in the Ordinals ecosystem lately, I needed *immediate* answers. That’s why I called up Beezy – former Galaxy researcher and walking Ordinals encyclopedia – to tell me why Ordinals needs a defibrillator to “kind of bring it back to life.”In this episode, we chat about:Why Runes are on life supportHow Runes were never optimized to be usefulWhy we should ditch Runes and return to OrdinalsWhat made Ordinals special, and what to refocus onThe role of KOLs in the Ordinals

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00:48:26

Odin: The Hottest Runes Marketplace | With Bob Bodily...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/02/06

The last time Bob was on, he was publicly known as a humble Twitter scholar for Bitcoin L2s. Today, he’s unmasked himself as the founder of ODIN.FUN – the new hottest Runes marketplace launched just last week. Today, we discussed:The journey that led him to build Odin The importance of optimizing for speed above everything The tech behind Odin and how it interacts with Bitcoin L1 The hypersonic pace of Odin’s growth Why Bitcoin trading experiences may be preferential to Solana This

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00:53:43

How To Build A Bitcoin Career | With Rockstar Dev...

Bitcoin Rails | Isabel Foxen Duke ·

2025/02/03

Today I stepped away from the heavy technical talk to chat with Rockstar Dev – core contributor to BTCPay Server who – to talk about lightning, Bitcoin history, and forging a career in the Bitcoin industry. Today, we covered: SegWit2X and the Bitcoin Blocksize wars The rise of the lightning network VC raising for Strike (a lightning company) vs token projects Why you shouldn’t shitcoin The importance of having a good team in Bitcoin - https://x.com/r0ckstardev -

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