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PODCAST

From First Principles

Krishna Choudhary and Lester Nare

From First Principles is a fast, funny, and rigorous breakdown of the biggest science stories of the week, hosted by Lester Nare and physicist Krishna Choudhary, PhD. We go past headlines into the actual mechanics: what happened, why it matters, and what everyone’s missing. Expect physics, space, AI, energy, biotech, and the occasional “wait… is that real?” story. If you’re curious, skeptical, and you like learning in public — you’re in the right place.

science

All Episodes

00:37:09

Dr. John Mulchaey on Carnegie Science and the Future...

From First Principles ·

2026/05/13

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this interview features John Mulchaey, the 12th President of Carnegie Science and former Director of the Carnegie Observatories. The conversation starts with his early work on galaxy groups and dark matter, then expands into how Carnegie works as a scientific institution, what the Giant Magellan Telescope could unlock for exoplanets and astronomy, how science funding actually works, and why eclipse chasing is still one of the most magical experiences in

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00:36:54

Ant Scans, Lunar Chickpeas, Hidden Galaxies &...

From First Principles ·

2026/04/29

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this rundown episode covers four new science stories at a high level: a huge new 3D ant imaging database built with synchrotron X-ray microtomography, a lunar agriculture experiment that grew chickpeas in simulated moon soil using fungi and worm waste, AI-assisted discovery of strange objects in the Hubble archive, and a new programmatic roadmap for room-temperature superconductivity. There is also another round of Are You Smarter Than a Scientist? in the

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01:37:14

The Prometheus Constellation: Dramaturgical and...

From First Principles ·

2026/04/21

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this special episode ranks the 26 scientists shown in Christopher Nolan’s Oppenheimer by one standard only: their contribution to fundamental science. Starting with the Manhattan Project figures near the bottom and working up through the giants of quantum mechanics, relativity, nuclear physics, and logic, the episode turns a movie cast list into a surprisingly deep walk through the history of modern physics.SummaryA ranking framework that actually means

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00:57:58

Harder Than Diamond? The New Hexagonal Diamond...

From First Principles ·

2026/04/15

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into one of the strangest and most hard-fought materials science stories in decades: the claim that researchers have finally synthesized bulk hexagonal diamond, also known as lonsdaleite. They break down why this material matters, how it differs from ordinary cubic diamond, why scientists argued about its existence for more than 50 years, and what the new Nature paper actually did to convince skeptical reviewers.SummaryWhy

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01:25:51

Artemis II: Deep Dive on the Moon Flyby, Earthset,...

From First Principles ·

2026/04/09

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a full deep dive on Artemis II as the crew returns from humanity’s first crewed lunar flyby in more than 50 years. Lester and Krishna break down the mission photo by photo, from launch and translunar injection to Earthset, Earthrise, the in-space solar eclipse, the science of lunar observations, and the skip-entry reentry profile bringing Orion home.SummaryWhy Artemis II is historic, what the crew saw on the far side of the Moon, and why

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01:01:15

Artemis II, Claude Code Leak, iPhone Spyware &...

From First Principles ·

2026/04/03

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this rundown episode covers five new science and tech stories at a high level: NASA’s Artemis 2 moon mission, what actually leaked in the Claude Code incident, a new cancer genomics paper suggesting domesticated cats may be unusually useful real-world models for human cancer, two leaked iPhone spyware toolkits, and a science-focused review of Project Hail Mary.SummaryArtemis 2 is finally flying — why this mission matters, why it is not landing yet, and

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01:08:53

Can AI Help Wake Coma Patients? The Science of...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/31

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into one of the hardest questions in neuroscience: what breaks in the brain during a coma, and can we figure out how to turn consciousness back on? We unpack a new paper from Daniel Toker et al. that uses an interpretable AI framework — not a generic black box chatbot model — to reverse engineer the biological mechanisms of prolonged unconsciousness, recover known features of coma, predict new ones, and propose a possible new

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00:44:58

AI Cancer Vaccines, Strange Fish, Ketamine, and...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/27

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a fast-moving science rundown covering four remarkable stories from across AI, genetics, neuroscience, and paleontology. We dig into the story of a machine learning engineer who used AI tools to help design a personalized cancer vaccine for his dog, explore how an all-female fish species has survived far longer than evolutionary theory would predict, unpack new brain-scan evidence for how ketamine may rapidly relieve severe depression, and

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01:13:03

Can Human Neurons Really Play Doom? The Science...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/24

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into one of the strangest science stories of the year: a dish of human neurons allegedly learning to play Doom. We go back to the original 2022 DishBrain paper out of Cortical Labs, unpack how biological neurons can be read and written with multi-electrode arrays, and then compare the peer-reviewed Pong result to the much newer Doom claim. The result is a story that is both genuinely impressive and, in places, probably

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00:38:54

5,000-Year-Old Bacteria, Solar Storms, Dogs, and...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/20

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this is our first standalone rundown episode — a faster, looser format where we hit several stories we didn’t have room to turn into full deep dives. This week: bacteria revived from a Romanian ice cave after 5,000 years, a speculative but fascinating theory linking solar storms to earthquakes, new evidence that dogs and humans share genetic roots for personality traits, and the increasingly dramatic fight over the future of AI after Yann LeCun leaves

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00:55:31

Optovolution: Teaching Proteins to Think Like...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/18

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a deep dive into a new synthetic-biology breakthrough out of EPFL: OptoEvolution. The big idea is simple but powerful — traditional directed evolution is great at making proteins that are always “on,” but biology is full of proteins that need to switch states, respond to stimuli, and behave more like logic gates than static tools. This paper takes directed evolution and couples it to light and the cell cycle, creating a new way to evolve

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00:54:28

Can We Stop an Asteroid? The Physics Behind NASA’s...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/16

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a full deep dive on planetary defense. We break down NASA’s DART mission, why the goal was never to “blow up” an asteroid but to gently nudge it, and why the newest result is even bigger than the original headline: scientists can now directly detect that the Didymos–Dimorphos system changed not just locally, but in its heliocentric path around the Sun.Summary DART actually worked — not just by shortening Dimorphos’s local orbit around

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02:04:22

Astrobiology’s Biggest Survival Test + A Vaccine...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/12

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode starts in astrobiology with a fresh experimental challenge to one of the biggest objections to lithopanspermia: can life actually survive the violence of being blasted off a planet by an asteroid impact? Then, after a packed Rundown, we pivot hard into immunology with a radical Stanford paper asking whether we could build one nasal vaccine that doesn’t target a specific pathogen at all—but instead makes the lung itself a stronger fortress

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01:51:32

Dark Galaxies, Fuzzy Dark Matter, and an Alzheimer’s...

From First Principles ·

2026/03/04

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode has two main stories: an astrophysics update on a candidate “dark galaxy” in the Perseus Cluster (a halo that’s ~99.9% dark matter), and a major Alzheimer’s mechanism paper tracing how exercise protects the brain by repairing the blood–brain barrier—with an actionable drug-like path already emerging.SummaryCandidate dark galaxy — Hubble + Euclid stacking and globular clusters reveal an ultra-faint halo that could test missing satellites and

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02:12:26

Dream Engineering, the Proton Radius Puzzle, and an...

From First Principles ·

2026/02/26

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode has three main stories: interactive dream engineering (yes, two-way “communication” during lucid dreaming), the proton radius puzzle finally getting resolved by a precision lab measurement, and a sobering but hopeful look at ALS—including a breakthrough “ALS-in-a-dish” model that could finally make drug screening translate to humans.SummaryDream engineering — targeted cues + induced lucidity → dream-content biasing and measurable next-day

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01:50:00

Winter Olympics Deep Dive: Ice Physics, Performance...

From First Principles ·

2026/02/18

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a Winter Olympics deep dive from first principles—physics, neuroscience, and climate science in one ride.• Why ice is slippery: the “water layer” story is incomplete—new nanoscale measurements suggest a far more viscous, thicker interfacial film than textbook intuition.• Choking under pressure: how high stakes can disrupt neural control—reward signals can push brain states out of the “optimal zone.”• Climate change vs winter sports: why

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01:49:02

FFP EP. 25 | Plants, Quantum Sensors, and Predicting...

From First Principles ·

2026/02/10

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode jumps from plant biochemistry to quantum metrology to cancer evolution. We start with a University of York breakthrough that solves a ~50-year mystery in alkaloid biosynthesis—identifying the “missing” enzyme behind a key asymmetric step plants use to build powerful defensive (and pharmaceutically useful) molecules. Then we go deep on quantum sensing with entangled atomic clouds, showing how correlated measurements can beat the standard

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01:09:54

FFP EP. 24 | Artemis II, Apollo, and the Physics of...

From First Principles ·

2026/02/04

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode is a full-spectrum moonshot: why Artemis II matters, how the mission actually works (SLS, Orion, translunar injection, free-return trajectories), and a first-principles teardown of the most common Apollo “hoax” claims—Van Allen belts, waving flags, shadows, and “why aren’t there stars?”We also run a quick Rundown of wild science headlines (ancient cave art, elevation-dependent warming, dogs and vocabulary, and peptide bonds in deep space),

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01:40:49

FFP EP. 23 | JWST’s “Little Red Dots,” TimeVaults,...

From First Principles ·

2026/01/27

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode runs from JWST’s “Little Red Dots” (and what they imply about early supermassive black holes), to a TimeVault method for recording gene expression over time, to 8,000-year-old Halaf pottery that may encode geometric sequences — plus a quick Cloud9 follow-up on the “starless dark-matter halo” debate.SummaryJWST’s Little Red Dots — why these compact red sources don’t behave like normal galaxies or quasars, and how an ionized-gas “cocoon” model

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01:39:54

FFP EP. 22 | Cloud9 Dark Matter Halo, Jellyfish...

From First Principles ·

2026/01/20

Hosted by Lester Nare and Krishna Choudhary, this episode runs from the deep math of string theory to the biology of sleep—then out to a starless “ghost cloud” that may be a naked dark-matter halo. We open with a Nature paper showing that physical networks in nature (brains, blood vessels, fungal networks) appear to organize like energy-minimizing surfaces—spitting out the same branching rules you see in soap films and (surprisingly) in the mathematics behind string theory. Then we hit a

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72 results

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