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PODCAST

Talking Talmud

Yardaena Osband & Anne Gordon

Learning the daf? We have something for you to think about. Not learning the daf? We have something for you to think about! (Along with a taste of the daf...) Join the conversation with us!

religion & spirituality judaism

All Episodes

00:22:56

Horayot 6: There's No Death for a Congregation and No...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/07

When people returned to the land of Israel from Babylonia after that exile, they brought an offering on behalf of the people from the era of Tzedkiyahu. But all of that generation and long died! Normally, a designated sin-offering that isn't offered before the person offering it dies is left alone to get a blemish. But for a public offering, that doesn't work. But an inference can be made from the he-goat of Rosh Chodesh, in terms of it being a communal offering. But maybe the cases

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00:13:31

Horayot 5: A Tribal Error

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/06

A new mishnah! (beginning on 4b) - Who actually brings the offering to atone for the erroneous ruling? What about when the sin is per tribe? Or if the majority of people in less than a majority of tribes?

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00:17:21

Horayot 4: Only a Child Could Make Such an Error...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/05

An indictment of the Sadducees in the context of a court that issues an erroneous ruling that agrees with their understanding of the Torah. With a further investigation into what it would mean to make this kind of "uprooting halakhah" kind of error - how did that come about? And - two new mishnayot: 1 - Ways in which the erroneous judgement came to be issued when it so clearly should not have been. Plus, capital punishment. 2 - What if everyone sins because of the erroneous judgement

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00:13:35

Horayot 3: When a Majority Means Jews in the Land of...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/05

Given that if the majority of Jewish people sin in following an erroneous ruling and they need to bring an offering to atone - who counts as that majority? It excludes the Jews who live in the Diaspora - with a source for that in the book of Kings. Also, how does this kind of majority obviate the views of the minority? And - a new mishnah! When the court issues an erroneous ruling and they realized they were in error and they correct themselves, but there are those who follow the initial ruling - do

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00:23:11

Horayot 2: Fit to Deliver a Halakhic Ruling

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/02

A new tractate! On rulings that the court issues in error, and people then follow those ruling - are they held accountable, and if so, how? Sources are in Leviticus and Numbers. Plus, Eduyot and Avot. Also, a new mishnah: A decision to violate a mitzvah is in error - who would bring an offering to atone? Also, the communal offering for when the court explicitly allows something that is not permitted. Spotlighting Ben Azzai and Ben Zoma.

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00:13:49

Avodah Zarah 76: Closing the Relationship between Jew...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/02

A question from a mishnah in Zevachim that contradicts the text here - because of the purging, preparation of the vessels here. Specifically on how that which is absorbed is either permitted or forbidden - and whether that makes a difference. But are the sacrificial meat and the non-Jew's utensils really comparable? Also, a story to close the tractate - that highlights the discussions from the tractate - including non-Jewish practice, including the relationship and dynamic between Jew and

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00:17:36

Avodah Zarah 75: After Non-Jewish Handling: A Process

Talking Talmud ·

2025/09/02

How do we purify different kinds of vessels or utensils? Boiling water should do the trick. Or maybe "olive water." Plus time - whatever that may mean, given the vague term of "season." A minimum of half the day and half the night - that is, 12 hours, out of 24. Also, one who buys utensils from non-Jews who made them... prepare them for use after the handling by the non-Jews via immersing in a mikveh... or in boiling water...or....heating it to white-hot.... or polishing. The

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00:11:07

Avodah Zarah 74: Jews and Non-Jews at the Wine Press

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/31

Several mishnayot: 1 - A long list of those items that are prohibited and in a mixture, prohibit the entire mixture in any amount. 2 - Libation wine that falls into a cistern prohibits the entire mixture, though it could be sold to an idolater, as long as the libation wine itself is not compensated. 3 - If a stone wine press is covered with pitch, by a non-Jew, and then covered in wine - that is usable. But if it were made of wood - that might be usable (with cleaning), or the alternate view - peel

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00:16:16

Avodah Zarah 73: Amoraim Agree and Disagree

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/30

Siyum tomorrow, Sunday! Mixtures of something permitted with libation wine - is prohibited, no matter how little libation wine is added. But water with wine or wine with water - the question is whether it gives flavor to the mixture as a whole, and also depending on "like" and libation wine or tevel. With all kinds of permutations of mixtures with prohibited things. Also, Rav and Shmuel agree, disagreeing with R. Yochanan and Resh Lakish, who agree.

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00:18:20

Avodah Zarah 72: Halakhah Is Not Science: Funnels

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/29

Terms used in negotiating a sale or a price - and how 4 people must be in agreement for a price to apply (though the customary appraisal is by 3 people) - among other cases. Also, a new mishnah! Using a funnel for wine and discovering a drop left over - it makes the whole thing prohibited, in case it was libation wine. With ramifications, of course. Plus, the Gemara on this mishnah addresses how this liquids can mix - and when they are considered blended halakhically, or moistening a solid, and when

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00:13:12

Avodah Zarah 71: Soldiers and Merchants

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/29

2 new mishnayot! (first, on the bottom of the previous daf) - when a military group enters a city in a time of peace, then when the soldiers leave, open barrels of wine are forbidden, but sealed ones are permitted. In a time of war, even the open ones are permitted, taking it as a given that during war, the soldiers would not have time to pour libations. This is a puzzle, because did they really not have time? A parallel discussion in Ketubot establishes that an army does "have time" to

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00:13:31

Avodah Zarah 70: Unsupervised Non-Jews

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/27

If a Jew leaves wine with a non-Jew, unsupervised, can (or when can) the Jew drink that wine? The 12 case-stories on this daf address this question, several of which are discussed here. Also, when an army came to Nehardea and opened barrels of wine - is that wine permitted for the Jews to use? A comparable question arose in the land of Israel, but it's also qualitatively different, when the army is primarily Jewish. Plus, the case of a Jewish woman who gives the key to her wine shop to a

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00:20:40

Avodah Zarah 69: Wine Stoppers and Supervision

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/26

As long as a Jew supervises an idolater's presence with wine, there's no concern about the wine - even the supervisor's presence is intermittent. Plus, other cases where supervision makes a difference - unless that intermittent checking leaves enough time for the idolater to take the opportunity to handle the wine in a way that would prohibit it. With the notable issue becoming how long the idolater thinks he has before the supervisor returns. Also, how long IS that amount of time

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00:18:49

Avodah Zarah 68: The Ick Factor

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/25

More on the dispute about whether a mixture in which the forbidden component adds flavor that is detrimental - whether the mixture is permitted or prohibited? The search is on for a tannaitic source. Also, the case of a mouse who falls into a barrel of beer - is this a case of adding a detrimental flavor? There seems to be new factor in the mix, namely, that of it being repellent to people -- a matter that is disgusting.

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00:15:49

Avodah Zarah 67: Enhancing or Destroying the Taste of...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/23

On the principle of a forbidden item convey taste, and with it "forbiddenness," as manifest in hot split beans and vinegar vs. cold split beans and vinegar. Also, on adding a flavor that is to the detriment of the food - and whether that is then prohibited is a machloket. Plus, the biblical source, going back to Midian. Plus, the time-frame for food to go bad... or for a change in taste to automatically be enhanced.

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00:15:57

Avodah Zarah 66: Separating Mixtures

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/23

Old (fermented) wine that was used for a libation that spills onto grapes will be prohibited or not, depending on it affecting the taste of the grapes. New wine, however, is the subject of dispute - are they only forbidden if the new wine affected their flavor, or any amount would be an issue (it's a machloket between Abaye and Rava, on taste vs. name). Also, the smell of the wine helps evaluate how good it is - via the "bat tiha" - a hole in the wine cask, and the tester would smell

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00:20:24

Avodah Zarah 65: Jews and Non-Jews: How Far Can Their...

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/23

Two stories about wine and categories of people: 1. A Jew sent to a non-Jew, on his festival, because he wasn't an idolater. But someone who hasn't converted might still be problematic. 2. Entering a bathhouse with a good number of prostitutes - with the fear of the monarchy or not? How to judge someone, and what if he's not who you think he is? Also, a new mishnah: wine that was used for a libation and skilled on grapes - when can you wash them off? Depending on the taste they give off

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00:11:26

Avodah Zarah 64: Not All Non-Jews Are Idolaters

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/21

A question is presented before a group of the sages: What is the law regarding the money from a sale of an object of idolatry in the hands of a non-Jew? Similarly, what if a Jew is a creditor for a non-Jew who then sells an object of idolatry and has the funds to pay the Jew back...? The same group receives other questions as well: What about a ger toshav - can he nullify idols? What about when two non-Jews don't share the same idolatrous worship? Would nullifying the worship of the other be

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00:15:15

Avodah Zarah 63: Commerce Concerns

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/20

A beraita about a man who was with a prostitute - can the money he didn't pay her with be used for purchase for the altar? What monies can be swapped for which? Plus, sacrifices. Also, whether it was permitted to borrow produce from the poor before the shemitah year, and paid them back after the shemitah year. Plus, how a Jewish employer might gift or sponsor his employees leisure purchases.

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00:16:42

Avodah Zarah 62: Non-Jews, Non-Idolaters: "Stam Yeinam"

Talking Talmud ·

2025/08/19

Chapter 5! And a new mishnah: A non-Jew who hires a Jewish worker raises question as to whether that Jew can accept his wages -- depending on the terms of the entire capacity of the job. For example, when there are mitigating factors to reduce the stringencies towards the idolatry. Also, the prohibitions that are rabbinic in nature - are often reduced, or certainly debated. Also, disposing of the problematic items - in such a way that they cannot be unearthed or reused. Plus, a cemetery that was

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