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PODCAST

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics.

Zschimmer & Schwarz Ceramco

Aware of how complex the problems related to the world of chemistry applied to ceramic production processes can be, we want to share our knowledge with those who want to orient themselves or train for passion or profession.Through a simple and direct language, the podcast aims to be an educational space with a focus on products, applications and processes.The journey unfolds along the ceramic production lines.At each stage a topic.At each topic a critical issue.At each critical issue, when possible,

science chemistry

All Episodes

14:22

Ceramic production, chemicals & reduction of the...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/10/16

This episode is the second part of a general overview about the most important categories of chemicals for ceramic prodution and their positive role in terms of environmental impact.The perspective wants to scratch - with a deliberately provocatory approach - the idea that chemistry cannot provide, by nature, any environmental benefit.Actually, if we addressed the subject by using a "magnifiying glass", we would notice that the use of chemicals often allows you to avoid making choices that could be

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16:00

Ceramic production, chemicals & reduction of the...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/10/02

The episode aims to refocus, from a special and provocative perspective, the role of chemicals used in ceramics: from the beginning to the end of the process, that is from the grinding of the clays that form the basis of the ceramic mixture up to the firing cycle.The reading filter is "chemicals and environmental impact" and the goal is to break the preconception about the word "chemistry", often related to the pollution, contamination, infections.We do not want to belittle or deny the wrong use of

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14:27

Ceramic glazes: application system, rheology &...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/09/18

Ceramic glazes can be applied by means of several technologies but the most common and popular is the airless spray system.However, sometimes glazes can still be discharged on the raw tile by means of bell or vela systems.Each application system required different evaluations about the glaze's rheology.The glaze must be marked by specific properties according to the system with which is applied along the production line. The episode focuses on these differences and on the chemicals that can - or

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16:35

Digital glues to water and ceramic production: what...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/09/03

In ceramics, the water-based digital system represents a topic of great interest.The R&D departments of all the players have been doing research for some time, trying to improve the sector with a technology that is already widely used in many other fields of industrial production.The #technical #problems of both the application machines and the products (such as inks and glues) seem to have been overcome, and the time is ripe for a definitive diffusion of this technology which certainly offers

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14:57

Digital glues & ceramic production: what are they and...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/07/24

In ceramic production, the use of digital glues for glaze and grit applications has almost completely replaced the spray/airless application system.Even if each glue differently acts on glass powders and grits, there are two main categories that must be considered: solvent-based digital glues (based on non polar solvents) and water-based digital glues (based polar solvents and water).This episode opens with a general introduction on the chemical nature of these products, then offering two important

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15:44

Black core: origin of the problem and resolutive actions

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/06/26

The black core is a localized area marked by a brown/black (or even white) color, clearly visible in the thickness of the ceramic tile.Its presence is usually sign of inadequate oxidation and it has not to be considered as a defect that compromises the product functionality.However it's a very serious aesthetic problem, especially if we consider the increasingly different intended use of ceramics.The origins of this particular defect are many and, according to the specific production conditions,

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12:22

Chemicals for application developed before and after...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/06/12

After introducing the topic in the previous episode and getting into the details of the problems that may arise before the inkjet application, this new episode focuses on the repellency phenomena that occur after the digital printing process at the interface between the solvent-based inks and the subsequent watery applications of glaze or grit suspensions.The different chemical nature of the inks (non polar polymers) and all the water-based suspensions (polar), is the basis of the critical issue and

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11:16

Chemicals for application developed before and after...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/05/29

The ink-jet decoration - that has replaced traditional decoration systems - has removed several problems bringing out, however, new and more complex critical issues.The new scenario has forced a different attention to all those applications that occur along the glazing line both before and after the digital printing process.In particular, the different nature of the solvent-based inks, with respect to all the water-based applications of the glazing line (engobes, glazes, grits, etc.), often leads to

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18:17

Chemicals for ceramic mixtures: a short overview

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/05/15

The ceramic mixture usually used in ceramic production, largely consists of inorganic raw materials (clay, feldspar, sand, etc.), grinding water and chemical.These mixtures, since they must be properly managed in the various stages of the production process - from grinding to pressing (or forming) - must be marked by specific and particular features.In addition to this, the raw ceramic material, once it has been pressed, must have the right properties to prevent and avoid the problems that may occur

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13:21

Superficial halos formation during the drying process

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/04/17

In ceramic, the drying process takes place inside dryers where raw tiles are placed on metal supports (roller stands) for a preset time, until the residual humidity's percentage is close to 0%.The heating to which the ceramic body is subjected leads to a migration of the water molecules and so to their evaporation.Sometimes this process can be not completely homogeneous over the entire surface of the tile. More precisely: the parts of the ceramic body that rest on the basket rollers may have

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12:48

Chemicals & ceramic glaze application (Part two)

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/04/03

In the previous episode, we offered a general overview on the most important chemicals normally used for ceramic glaze applications.We went deeper by addressing all those categories that are used during the preparatory step, that is the grinding stage, moving later towards the glazing line where we focused on the so-called binders for glazes.This episode closes the subject with a panorama about actions and benefits provided by surfactants, wetting and suspending agents, defoamers and binders usually

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15:33

Chemicals and ceramic glaze application (Part one)

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/03/20

The ceramic glaze application that takes place along the glazing line is one of the most delicate steps of the ceramic production process.If you want to get high performances in terms of process and product, the glaze must be marked by proper rheological features that always change according to the application conditions of the production line.The right formulation of glaze suspensions, therefore is a precondition for a proper application and a result without technical and aesthetic defects.What are

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12:06

Dry grit application by means of analogical systems

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/03/06

In ceramic production, grit applications are mainly "wet applications" made by means of airless spraying systems.A kind of application that involves a huge amount of water within which the grit is suspended. Nevertheless, in recent time a different application method is spreading.We could define it as a dry method that, however, has nothing to do with digital systems (that involve, instead, the use of digital glues together with a dry application of grit).Without forcing the words, in this case we

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11:49

Digital glaze application by means of non...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/02/20

In the field of ceramics, glazes are usually applied on the raw tile by means of spray “analogical” systems (airless application system). Nevertheless, recently some new application machines have appeared on the market.They cannot be defined as completely digital but they cannot even be comparable to traditional analogue techniques. How do they work?What kind of features should the glaze have to be properly applied?

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16:00

Mechanical resistance of green and dried ceramic...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/02/06

Along the ceramic production line that from the pressing stage leads to the kilns, raw tiles (still delicate and fragile) often undergo to stresses on the conveyor roller that can compromise them.Chipping or breakage may occur if no preventive action is taken to increase the material's mechanical resistance.What does the mechanical resistance value mean?How do chemicals used to increase it work?What measures can be taken to achieve better results?Temporary binders surely have the most important role

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11:01

Superficial pinholes of ceramic tiles: roots, causes...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/01/23

The ceramic production process - after the early stages that from the formation of the tile under the press lead to the applications of the glazing line - usually involves a final application of grit or glaze. Sometimes in huge amount.If you do not meet the proper parameters of the process, this application can lead to several problems able to compromise the ceramic surface, both technically and aesthetically.The formation of pinholes is one of the most frequent. What are the roots of the problem

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11:00

Clogging of spray nozzle during grit application

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2023/01/09

In the ceramic tiles prodcution, engobes, grits, and glazes are still applied - to a large extent - by means of airless spray systems.chine is equipped with spraying guns that end with special nozzles that properly discharge the suspension on the raw ceramic surface. Sometimes these nozzles can be clogged during application stage, forcing producers to slow down or even stop the production cycle.The problem, that has a significant and negative impact on the industrial productivity, can arise because

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11:45

Surface protective products & post-treatment...

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2022/12/19

The lapping and polishing processes that provide ceramic tiles with the proper aesthetic features, both involve the removal of a very thin layer of glaze that is on the very external part of the tile.Even if the amount of removed material is very small, these processes may bring out to the surface all that micro-porosity that are inside the glaze.Since they are no more protected and sealed, the pores remain exposed chemical and dirt attack.How do the protective treatments work? What are the chemical

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9:47

Process waters & critical issues

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2022/12/05

Process water play a very important role within ceramic activities, being involved in a wide range of production’s steps. If on the one hand they are strictly necessary to the course of the work, they can lead on the other hand to problems when they do not fits the required production parameters.The fourth episode of the podcast APPARENTLY INVISIBLE. CHEMISTRY IN CERAMIC, now available on the leading audio platform, is exactly focused on this topic. We talk about electrical conductivity, net and

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10:16

Bacterial degradation of semi-finished products

Apparently invisible. Chemistry in ceramics. ·

2022/11/22

During their storage in the tanks, semi-finished products can be affected by bacterial degradations that, if they are not properly managed, may lead to application critical issues as well as to serious defects in the finished tile product, such as pinholes Just to give an example.What kind of action must be taken to face the problem?Is it possible to restore the right features of a bacterially compromised suspension?

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