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PODCAST

Metabolism Made Easy

A J Ghalayini, Ph.D.

This podcast describes selected biochemistry content that could be useful to premedical/medical students. Similar content (podcasts and videos) is available at: https://medbiochem.org/ or check out my YouTube channel: Metabolism Made Easy These podcasts and videos cover selected topics in medical biochemistry. A J Ghalayini, Ph.D. Bio for Dr. Ghalayini: Dr. Ghalayini received his Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the University of Houston, Houston, Texas. He has over 3 decades of experience in

education courses

All Episodes

00:02:17

Insulin Resistance & Dyslipidemia

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/04/15

Insulin resistance will frequently produce dyslipidemia, which is characterised by elevated plasma triglycerides and fatty acids. The increase in triglycerides is most likely due to a decrease in the activity of endothelial lipoprotein lipase, while the increase in fatty acids is likely due to a decreased inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase by insulin in adipose tissue.

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00:04:14

Insulin Resistance: Causes of Hyperglycemia

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/04/03

A YouTube video transcript from "Metabolism Made Easy" explains insulin's key actions within the liver. The video details how insulin promotes glucose storage and utilization by stimulating glycogen creation and glucose breakdown. Furthermore, the transcript highlights that insulin actively suppresses the liver's production and release of glucose through the inhibition of glycogen breakdown and new glucose synthesis. Essentially, the content describes insulin's role in lowering blood glucose levels

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00:23:33

Amino Acid Structure I

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/03/26

This podcast covers the structure of nonpolar amino acids and the properties of their side chains ( R) groups.

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00:07:06

Amino Acids -Proteins: An introduction

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/03/22

This podcast is an introduction to amino acid structure, including the functional groups that give amino acids their unique identity.

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00:03:02

Understanding Dietary Fat -AI

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/03/16

This podcast excerpt addresses common misunderstandings about dietary fat. It clarifies that fat and cholesterol are distinct substances, with cholesterol comprising a small fraction of overall fat intake. Furthermore, the transcript explains that triglycerides constitute the vast majority of dietary fat, while other lipids like fatty acids and phospholipids make up the remaining portion. The source aims to educate viewers on the accurate composition of fat in their diets.

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00:07:03

Macronutrient Uses in Metabolism -AI Podcast

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/03/07

**This YouTube transcript from Metabolism Made Easy outlines the diverse roles of macronutrients within the cell.** It details **glucose's involvement in energy production, storage as glycogen, nucleotide synthesis, and the formation of structural components.** The text also explains that **fatty acids are crucial for energy generation, energy storage, membrane structure, and inflammatory processes.** Furthermore, it notes that **amino acids are essential for tissue repair, glucose production,

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00:07:05

Mitochondrial Catabolism: A Summary

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/03/02

This podcast covers the key catabolic pathways in the mitochondria, including : 1. The 3 catabolic pathways of carbohydrates and fatty acids; 2. The roe of Acetyl CoA as a common metabolite and its dietary sources; 3. The TCA cycle and its energy output; 4. Fatty acid beta oxidation and its energy output; and 5. A comparison of energy (ATP/ CO2) output from glucose, fatty acids, ketone bodies, and amino acids.

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00:05:14

Breakdown of Stored Fat by Epinephrine-AI

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/24

The podcast explains how exercise or fasting raises epinephrine levels in the blood. Epinephrine then stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors in fat tissue, boosting the breakdown of stored triglycerides. This activation initiates a cascade, increasing cyclic AMP and activating protein kinase A. Protein kinase A then triggers hormone-sensitive lipase, leading to the breakdown of triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol. These products are subsequently released into the bloodstream and can provide

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00:03:34

The Liver During Fasting -AI Podcast

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/19

Briefing Document: Liver Function During FastingSubject: Liver's role in energy provision during fasting. Source: Excerpts from "The LIVER During Fasting @Metabolism Made Easy" Main Themes: Ketogenesis: The liver actively synthesizes ketone bodies as an alternative energy source during fasting. Energy Provision: The liver plays a critical role in supplying energy to other tissues when glucose is scarce. Key Ideas and Facts: Ketone Body Synthesis: During fasting, the liver utilizes fatty

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00:04:16

Red Blood Cells & Glucose -AI Podcast

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/16

Red blood cells are entirely dependent on glucose as their only energy source. Glucose is utilized in glycolysis to produce the ATP output required by the red blood cell because red blood cells lack mitochondria, which would metabolize pyruvate to CO2 in other cells. The glycolytic output of energy from glucose breaking down to two lactates will produce two ATPs only because the NADH produced from the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase step of glycolysis will be consumed in the conversion of

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00:05:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose -AI

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/10

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Glucose: Metabolism Made EasyCheck out the original YouTube video of this podcast below: https://youtu.be/E_Vool7IuOE The YouTube video explains how blood glucose levels are hormonally regulated. Insulin lowers blood glucose by prompting cells to absorb glucose and store it as glycogen. In contrast, glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol elevate blood glucose. These hormones stimulate the liver to release stored glycogen or create glucose from other molecules. This

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00:06:41

Why we need glucose ?

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/08

Briefing Document: Glucose Importance for Brain FunctionDate: October 26, 2023 Subject: Glucose's Role as Primary Brain Fuel Source: Excerpts from "Why we need sugar (glucose)? @Metabolism Made Easy" Main Theme: This document highlights the critical role of glucose as the primary energy source for the brain and the body's mechanisms for maintaining adequate glucose levels. Key Ideas & Facts: Glucose as the Brain's Preferred Fuel: The brain relies heavily on glucose for energy. As stated in

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00:04:51

ALT, AST & Glutamate Dehydrogenase

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/02/07

This podcast covers the metabolism of alanine, aspartate, and glutamatr in the disposal of nitrogen and the Urea cycle. Also covered are the roles of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase.

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00:08:16

Protein Degradation & The Urea Cycle: A Summary

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/01/26

This podcast covers: 1) The major cellular fates of dietary amino acids; 2) The role of Transaminases in amino acid catabolism; 3) The purpose of the urea cycle; 4) Enzymes of the urea cycle; and 5) Regulation of the urea cycle.

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00:10:47

Glycolysis: Allosteric Regulation of PFK-1

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/01/15

This podcast covers the allosteric regulation of Phosphofructokinase 1( PFK-1). A key allosteric activator is F2,6 bis-phosphate, which is produced by PFK-2 in the well-fed state. The production of this molecule is increased by the dephosphorylation of PFK-2, the enzyme responsible for its production. insulin will activate this enzyme by promoting g its dephodphorylation.Thus resulting in higher levels of F2, 6 bis-phosphate in the cytoplasm and resulting in the activation of PFK-1 and

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00:03:09

Cholesterol Summary: Uses & Regulation of Biosynthesis

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/01/11

This podcast covers the cellular uses of cholesterol and a brief summary of its biosyntthesis and its regulation by intracellular levels of cholesterol.Check out the podcast on regulation of HMG CoA reductase below: https://youtu.be/FNSr3G6OTBs?si=da3V5SkXGkM8STsZ Also check out how statins reduce plasma cholesterol below: https://youtu.be/HrwI02Ww3Ew Also check out the he complete podcast on Regulation of Cholesterol Biosynthesis below: https://youtu.be/K1i3P3KPN3g

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00:04:14

Classification of Amino Acids

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2025/01/03

Amino acids can be classified as essential or non- essential. They can also be classified by the carbon skeletons they produce during catabolism. These carbon skeletons can be either glucogenic or ketogenic.

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00:23:34

A Summary of Metabolism & Its Regulation

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2024/12/28

A Summary of Metabolism & Its Regulation :This podcast summarizes metabolism and its regulation by hormones. It includes: 1. Definition of metabolism, catabolism, anabolism, and their cellular compartments; 2. The 3 stages of catabolism; 3. The major cellular uses of glucose, amino acids, fatty acids, and cholesterol; 4. The major metabolic pathways that produce energy from dietary carbohydrates and fat; 5. Comparison of the energy (ATP) output from catabolism of glucose , fatty acids, and

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00:13:29

Misconceptions About Catabolism of Glucose,Fat, &...

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2024/12/20

This podcast covers some misconceptions about catabolism of glucose , fat (Triacylglycerol) and amino acids. it also compares the energy output from these three dietary components.

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00:04:59

Integration of Metabolism: A Summary of Tissue...

Metabolism Made Easy ·

2024/12/02

This podcast covers the major tissue effects of insulin and glucagon in the well-fed state and the fasting state, respectively. The key effects of these hormones on carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism in various tissues are summarized.

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213 results

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