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YaleCourses

Yale"s philosophy of teaching and learning begins with the aim of training a broadly based, highly disciplined intellect without specifying in advance how that intellect will be used. The Yale Courses channel provides entry into the core of the University--its classrooms and academic programs--including complete sets of lectures from the Open Yale Courses initiative. Complementary syllabi, transcripts, and other resources may also be accessed from the Open Yale Courses website listed

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63:04

3. Iterative deletion and the median-voter theorem

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Game Theory (ECON 159)We apply the main idea from last time, iterative deletion of dominated strategies, to analyze an election where candidates can choose their policy positions. We then consider how good is this classic model as a description of the real political process, and how we might build on it to improve it. Toward the end of the class, we introduce a new idea to get us beyond iterative deletion. We think about our beliefs about what the other player is going to do, and then ask what is

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10:48

11.5 | Navigating Singapore AI/ML Med Device Regs: A...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

How are AI/ML medical devices regulated in Singapore? In this lesson, we take a detailed look at the Health Sciences Authority's (HSA) regulatory guidelines for software medical devices, focusing specifically on artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. We'll explore the unique requirements for pre-market submissions, delve into considerations for continuously learning systems, and understand the critical aspects of post-market monitoring to ensure safety and effectiveness.🎯

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72:10

20. The Peloponnesian War, Part II (cont.)

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan examines Pericles as a general. First, he describes Pericles' strategy of war and then he evaluates this strategy. According to Professor Kagan, Pericles' strategy was characterized by being both defensive and rational. It was defensive, because the Athenians did not engage the Spartans in a traditional hoplite battle, and it was rational, because Pericles assumed that the Spartans would cease fighting when they

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75:01

16. Athenian Democracy (cont.)

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan continues to discuss the constitution of Athens. In particular, he explores the judicial workings of Athens. He describes in detail the effort of the Athenians to create a system of justice that would not only minimize tampering, in order to insure justice, but also maximize citizen participation. After this discussion, Professor Kagan comments on the role of women in Athens by looking at two types of sources. The

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10:29

11.2 | Evaluate ML Methods Ethically: Avoid P-Hacking...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

In this lesson, we delve into the critical aspects of evaluating machine learning methods and the vital importance of data integrity. We'll explore fundamental concepts like separate training and testing sets, cross-validation techniques, and the significant challenge of 'p-hacking' that can undermine research reproducibility. Understanding these issues is crucial for developing robust and trustworthy medical software.🎯 Learning Objectives• Understand the core principles of evaluating machine

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73:23

10. The Rise of Athens

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan finishes up his description of the Spartan constitution. He argues that Sparta had a mixed constitution and gained great power due to alliances that the Spartans made with their neighbors. After the discussion of Sparta, Professor Kagan examines Athens and the development of the Athenian constitution. In addition, he shows how different these two poleis were. Finally, Professor Kagan discusses the emergence of the

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12:30

9.7 | From Guinness to Clinical Trials: The Story of...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Ever wondered where the t-distribution came from? In this lesson, we conclude our exploration of statistical significance by delving into the fascinating history of the t-distribution, born out of the Guinness Brewery. We then transition to its crucial role in modern clinical trials, explaining power analysis, type I and type II errors, and the importance of sample size. Finally, we discuss critical caveats and common misinterpretations of statistical significance and p-values.🎯 Learning

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51:45

13. Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

The American Novel Since 1945 (ENGL 291)Professor Hungerford draws a contrast between Toni Morrison and most of the writers studied up to this point in the course by pointing out how, for an African-American woman writer in particular, language is a site of violence. For all of her power to recuperate the voices of the oppressed, the novelist must be wary of the ways that breaking the silence, too, can constitute an act of invasion. As in the case of Pynchon, the word in The Bluest Eye enacts a

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68:27

5. The Rise of the Polis (cont.)

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Donald Kagan tells the story of the emergence of the polis from the Dark Ages. He shows that by the time of the poet Hesiod, there is already a polis in place. He describes the importance of the polis in the Greek world and explains that it was much more than a mere place of habitation; it was a place where there was justice, law, community, and a set of cultural values that held Greeks together. Finally, Professor Kagan

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70:02

6. Efficient Markets vs. Excess Volatility

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Financial Markets (ECON 252)Several theories in finance relate to stock price analysis and prediction. The efficient markets hypothesis states that stock prices for publicly-traded companies reflect all available information. Prices adjust to new information instantaneously, so it is impossible to "beat the market." Furthermore, the random walk theory asserts that changes in stock prices arise only from unanticipated new information, and so it is impossible to predict the direction of stock prices

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17:29

11.6 | Navigating AI/ML Challenges in Medical...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

In this lesson, Professor John Onofrey delves into the unique practical issues and challenges that Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning applications encounter throughout the medical software life cycle. He contrasts these with traditional software development, highlighting the critical role of training data, risk assessment from sources like distributional shifts and adversarial attacks, and the necessity for robust system design to manage the inherent 'black box' nature and potential

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77:25

16. Backward induction: reputation and duels

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Game Theory (ECON 159)In the first half of the lecture, we consider the chain-store paradox. We discuss how to build the idea of reputation into game theory; in particular, in setting like this where a threat or promise would otherwise not be credible. The key idea is that players may not be completely certain about other players' payoffs or even their rationality. In the second half of the lecture, we stage a duel, a game of pre-emption. The key strategic question in such games is when; in this

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17:11

Module 6 | Camila Güiza-Chavez on Measuring Community...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

In this lesson, join a campus conversation with Camila Güiza-Chavez, Director of Impact and Mission at Havenly, a social enterprise supporting refugee and immigrant women. The discussion delves into how Havenly measures success and impact, moving beyond simple job placement to focus on building community power and agency among the women they serve. 🎯 Learning Objectives• Understand the distinction between traditional workforce development metrics and building community power in social

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52:53

19. Paradise Lost, Books XI-XII

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Milton (ENGL 220)Books Eleven and Twelve of Paradise Lost and their radical departure from the poem's previous style are discussed. The transformation of Milton's famously sonorous verse into a more didactic mode is closely documented, and the poem's increasing emphasis on visual instruction is underscored in a study of the Archangel Michael's lesson on the history of the post-fallen world. Considerable time is devoted to both a consideration of Milton's late politics and Book Eleven's depiction of

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20:43

12.3 | Avoid Healthcare Startup Failure: Find Your...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Are you considering launching a new healthcare venture? In this lesson, we delve into the essential steps for setting up a successful medical software business. We'll explore how to identify critical problems and target paying customers, understand the complex landscape of stakeholders, and navigate crucial regulatory requirements, emphasizing a human-centered design approach to avoid common startup pitfalls.🎯 Learning Objectives• Identify the foundational questions for starting a healthcare

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18:28

11.3 | Demystifying Deep Learning: Neural Networks...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Ever wondered how machines learn to interpret complex data like medical images? In this lesson, Prof. Nicha Dvornek provides a comprehensive introduction to deep learning, a powerful subfield of machine learning inspired by the human brain. We'll explore the foundational concepts of neural networks, understand how different layers like convolutional and recurrent networks process information, and discover their transformative applications across healthcare, from image analysis to genetic data

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76:02

17. The Peloponnesian War, Part I

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan describes the events that lead up the Peloponnesian War. He argues that the rise of Athenian power and the concomitant challenge to Spartan dominance pointed to potential conflict. However, Professor Kagan also points out that there were many people who did not want war and that therefore war was not inevitable. The Thirty Years Peace was negotiated, and Professor Kagan finally argues that its clause for arbitration was

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7:32

9.8 | Unmasking Bias: Why Randomization is Crucial in...

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

In this lesson, we delve into the critical role of randomization in clinical trials and software validation. Discover how assigning participants by chance eliminates hidden biases and prevents misleading results, as famously illustrated by Simpson's paradox. We'll explore why proper randomization is the gold standard for demonstrating effective interventions in medical and technological studies.🎯 Learning Objectives• Understand the fundamental concept of randomization in scientific studies.•

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74:45

11. The Rise of Athens (cont.)

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan traces the development of Athens. He argues that Athens, like other poleis, undergoes political and social turmoil due to the rise of the hoplite farmer. This unrest is first seen in the attempted coup d'état of Cylon and the Law of Draco. Professor Kagan also points out that in response to these developments, Solon was made sole archon of Athens to establish peace in a time of unrest. It should also be noted that Solon

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80:46

12. The Persian Wars

YaleCourses ·

2026/08/25

Introduction to Ancient Greek History (CLCV 205)In this lecture, Professor Kagan examines in detail the development, growing pains, and emergence of Athenian democracy. He argues that the tyranny under the Peisistratids led to the development of the idea of self-government among the Athenians, which Cleisthenes used to develop Athens in a more democratic direction. One of the ways Cleisthenes was able to accomplish this was to diminish the power of the aristocracy by reordering and restructuring the

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