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PODCAST

The Synthesis of Wellness®

Chloe Porter is dedicated to health research and optimization. She is the host of The Synthesis of Wellness ® Podcast; an engineer; and an acclaimed health science speaker, expert, and best-selling author known for her deep dives into gastrointestinal function, functional health, and health optimization.

health & fitness alternative health

All Episodes

00:18:13

161. Gastrointestinal Dysmotility | Motility in...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2025/01/24

In this episode, we explore some of the neural and cellular mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal motility, emphasizing the roles of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) in coordinating smooth muscle contractions throughout the digestive tract. We detail disruptions in motility seen in dysautonomia, intestinal methanogen overgrowth (IMO), and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). And, we finish with a brief discussion on the impacts of low stomach

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00:16:52

160. The Gut-Immune Axis | Mast Cells & Small...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2025/01/17

In this episode, we detail the gut’s intricate immune defenses, emphasizing the role of mast cells in inflammation and immune signaling. We extend this conversation to Mast Cell Activation Syndrome briefly going through potential triggers, tests, and symptoms. Finally, we examine the bidirectional relationship between MCAS and Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO), illustrating how mast cell mediators and microbial byproducts can drive a cycle of chronic inflammation and increased intestinal

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00:16:23

159. Connections Between Intestinal Dysbiosis,...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2025/01/10

In this episode, we go through the role of histamine within the gastrointestinal tract, exploring its regulation of gastric acid secretion and impact on intestinal motility. We examine how histamine-producing enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells, mast cells, and gut microbiota contribute to histaminergic signaling, and how enzymatic degradation via diamine oxidase (DAO) maintains homeostasis. Additionally, we discuss histamine intolerance, highlighting the impacts of dysbiosis (as well as SIBO or small

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00:17:30

158. The Stomach & Small Intestines | H. Pylori...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2025/01/03

In this episode, we discuss the anatomy and physiology of the stomach and its unique epithelial structure. We dive into the pathophysiological implications of conditions such as Helicobacter pylori infection and hypochlorhydria, examining how they disrupt gastric function and microbial balance. Finally, we connect these concepts to the small intestine, discussing possible downstream effects of altered gastric acid secretion, focusing on microbial colonization and contributions to broader

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00:21:53

157. Intestinal Mucus & Its Role in Protecting The...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/12/27

This episode explores three top topics from episodes in 2024: the mucus layer's protective role in maintaining gut barrier integrity, the bidirectional relationship between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the importance of methylation and the MTHFR gene. During the first topic of discussion, we detail ways to support the intestinal mucus layer; as we approach the third topic of discussion, we highlight the impact of MTHFR enzyme activity on

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00:18:57

156. The Oral Microbiome in Modulating Intestinal...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/12/20

In this episode, we go through the interplay between the oral microbiome, the intestinal microbiome, and brain health, focusing on the mechanisms through which dysbiosis in these ecosystems influences neuroinflammation and central nervous system function. We explore the molecular pathways by which bacterial metabolites and inflammatory mediators from the oral and intestinal microbiota can disrupt the blood-brain barrier, activate glial cells, and impair neuronal processes. We also go through

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00:16:08

155. The Gut-Immune Axis & The Role That...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/12/13

In this episode, we dive into the interplay between the gut microbiota (their postbiotics) and the immune system. We will examine how gut microbiome-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and polyphenol metabolites, influence immune function by modulating key cellular and molecular pathways within the intestinal mucosa. Additionally, we discuss strategies for supporting butyrate production and optimizing microbiome health to foster a balanced and resilient gut-immune

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00:16:54

154. Dysautonomia, The Vagus Nerve, & The...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/12/06

In this episode, we explore the intricate role of the vagus nerve as a central regulator within the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, examining its neuroanatomical structure, signaling mechanisms, and interactions with microbial metabolites and immune pathways. We discuss how vagal afferent fibers relay sensory input from the gut to the brain, including signals mediated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gut-derived hormones, and how efferent fibers modulate gut motility, intestinal barrier

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00:17:40

153. The Role of the Intestinal Microbiome in...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/11/29

In this episode, we dive into the interplay between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, highlighting their bidirectional communication through endocrine, immune, and neural pathways. We’ll explore how gut-derived metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and endotoxins like LPS influence HPA axis activity; conversely, we explore how dysregulated cortisol can impact gut barrier function, immune signaling, and more. We also discuss testing

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00:18:25

152. The Effects of Aging on Intestinal Permeability,...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/11/22

In this episode, we examine the bidirectional relationship between intestinal health and immune aging, emphasizing how gut barrier dysfunction and microbial imbalances accelerate systemic inflammation and diminished immune function. Furthermore, we explore the effects of aging on intestinal barrier function, focusing on the decline in tight junction integrity, reduced mucus production, and impaired epithelial renewal, all of which contribute to increased gut permeability and chronic inflammation

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00:16:45

151. The Gut-Immune Axis & the Beneficial Role of...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/11/15

In today’s episode, we dive into the interplay between the gut and immune system, focusing specifically on the critical role of immunoglobulins in mucosal immunity. Immunoglobulins, specialized glycoproteins synthesized by B cells, serve as the frontline defenders within the gastrointestinal tract, where they neutralize pathogens and maintain immune homeostasis. We also explore the mechanisms by which these antibodies fortify the intestinal barrier and aid in preventing dysbiosis. We finish by going

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00:16:22

150. The Role of Phospholipids in Cognitive Health |...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/11/08

In today’s episode, we dive into the critical role of phospholipids in maintaining brain health, examining how these molecules contribute to neuronal communication, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive resilience. We'll explore the biochemical structure and function of key phospholipids like phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylcholine within neuronal membranes, where they play indispensable roles. We discuss associations and impacts of environmental toxins, aging, and neurodegenerative conditions

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00:18:23

149. The Gut Microbiome & Serotonin Synthesis |...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/11/01

In this episode, we explore serotonin synthesis within enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gut, detailing how tryptophan is converted into serotonin through enzymatic processes. We examine the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in modulating the synthesis of serotonin including impacting tryptophan hydroxylase activity. We explore serotonin's interactions with receptors on enteric neurons and vagal afferent fibers, analyzing how these signaling

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00:19:27

148. 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol & The Brain |...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/25

In this episode, we explore the role of Vitamin D in brain health, focusing on how its active form, calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), influences cognitive function and neuroprotection. We’ll discuss the synthesis of Vitamin D, its conversion into its active form, and its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier to exert effects on neurons and glial cells. Additionally, we will highlight how calcitriol regulates gene expression through Vitamin D Response Elements (VDREs), impacting inflammation,

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00:46:33

147. Mindfulness, Gratitude, Manifestation,...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/23

We are honored to be joined by Carri Norton and Ron Butterworth, the Co-Founders of the Sparkle Revolution App. Carri is an accomplished professional in software application development, with experience across various industries such as educational software, solar monitoring, energy management, and HVAC digital solutions. Starting her career as a software developer, she progressed into management and leadership roles, contributing to both startups and Fortune 500 companies. Her passion lies in

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00:17:45

146. Neuroinflammation | How Chronic Microglial Cell...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/18

In this episode, we dive into the role of microglial cells, the brain’s resident immune defenders, and how their chronic activation at the cellular level contributes to neurodegeneration. We'll explore the cellular mechanisms behind microglial activation, including the involvement of P2Y12 receptors and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and TNF-α. Additionally, we'll discuss how everyday environmental toxins and stressors can trigger long-term microglial activity, potentially

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00:20:24

145. The Role of Secretory IgA in Regulating the Gut...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/11

In this episode, we explore the critical role of Secretory IgA (sIgA) in maintaining intestinal health. We discuss how sIgA acts as a frontline immune defense, preventing pathogens from adhering to the gut epithelium and aiding in controlling microbial populations. Additionally, we dive into the implications of low and high sIgA levels - as indicated in a stool test, how sIgA levels relate to dysbiosis and Candida overgrowth, addressing underlying root causes, and tools for supporting healthy sIgA

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00:18:42

144. The Roles of the Vagus Nerve and Enteric Nervous...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/04

In this episode, we explore the critical roles of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the vagus nerve in digestion and gut motility. We also examine how autonomic nervous system dysfunction can contribute to conditions such as Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO). Topics: 1. Introduction to the Nervous System and Its Role in Digestion - Overview of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and vagus nerve - Focus on location, function, and associated dysfunctions 2. Overview of the Enteric

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00:59:20

143. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/10/02

We are honored to be joined by Dr. Diana Driscoll. An authority on the autonomic nervous system, Dr. Diana Driscoll, Optometrist, FAAO, is a world-renowned expert on POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome), and other “invisible” illnesses. As an author, speaker, inventor, and devoted researcher with five patents to date, she continues to push forward with dramatic shifts in the evaluation and treatment of these conditions. Dr. Driscoll's personal battle with POTS inspired a decade of

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00:21:23

142. Neuroinflammation & Gut-Derived...

The Synthesis of Wellness® ·

2024/09/27

In today's episode, we dive into the molecular mechanisms underlying neuroinflammation, with a particular focus on how gut-derived endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), perturb the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and propagate neuroinflammatory cascades. In more detail, we’ll discuss how intestinal dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability can allow endotoxins such as LPS to enter systemic circulation and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), where they activate microglia via the TLR4

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201 results

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