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PODCAST

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust

Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies

Survivors and witnesses of the Holocaust are the subjects of “Those Who Were There,” a new podcast from Yale University’s Fortunoff Video Archive for Holocaust Testimonies. The podcast is narrated by Eleanor Reissa, actress and Yiddish theater director, and historical oversight by Professor Samuel Kassow. “Those Who Were There” podcast features audio from videotaped interviews conducted between 1979 up to the present. "Back in 1979, video was regarded as a remarkable, groundbreaking technology

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All Episodes

00:23:09

In Memoriam: Renee Hartman (1933-2025)

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2025/01/12

Renee Hartman was one of the first four survivors to give testimony to the Fortunoff Archive's predecessor organization in 1979. In this podcast episode, she describes how she was just a child when the Nazis swept into Czechoslovakia. Her parents and sister were deaf, so she became her family’s ears, alert to the sound of the Gestapo’s boots.We’re re-releasing this episode in celebration of her life.

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00:33:51

Chapter 10: Aftermath

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/11/23

In this final chapter of “Remembering Vilna,” several of the survivors whose stories we’ve featured tell of their journeys to safety and new beginnings, even as the traumas they experienced remained ever present.

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00:31:24

Chapter 9: Judgment and Revenge

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/11/15

At war’s end, Vilna’s survivors struggle to regain their health, look for missing family members, and search for ways to leave Europe for the United States or Palestine. But a small group join an effort to seek revenge in Nuremberg, where an international tribunal is underway.

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00:38:59

Chapter 8: Nazi Defeat

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/11/09

July 1944. For nearly two weeks, the Nazis and the Soviets fight for every street and block in Vilna. When the smoke clears, Jews hiding in the sewers emerge into daylight while other survivors and Jewish partisans filter back into the devastated city.

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00:40:12

Chapter 7: Liquidation

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/11/02

When the Nazis liquidate the Vilna ghetto, they send thousands of Jews to their deaths or to forced-labor camps. Others escape to the forest to join the partisans. Very few manage to hide. The Nazis also try to eliminate evidence of their efforts to murder Vilna’s Jews.

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00:28:35

Chapter 6: The Underground

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/10/26

Young people in the ghetto organize an underground group with the hope of leading an uprising against the Nazis. They risk their lives to build an arsenal, but when it becomes clear most Jews in the ghetto don’t support them, many escape to the surrounding forest to join the partisans.

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00:30:20

Chapter 5: Ghetto Life

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/10/19

Life in the Jewish ghetto demands vigilance and adaptation. Families improvise spaces for hiding. Food is smuggled at the risk of execution. And while young people start to organize a resistance, cultural and sporting events prove to be a much needed diversion.

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00:33:40

Chapter 4: The Ghetto

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/10/10

They are given minutes to pack. A suitcase, a sheet-wrapped bundle, whatever they can carry. Thousands of the city’s Jews are marched at gunpoint to the newly enclosed Jewish ghettos, where the previous inhabitants have already been murdered.

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00:25:45

Chapter 3: Nazi Invasion

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/10/05

When Germany attacks the Soviet Union in 1941, the Nazis occupy Vilna and begin imposing their harsh antisemitic rule, banning Jews from sidewalks, requiring the wearing of an identifying yellow star, and worse. “Within just a few days,” Mira Verbin recalls, “they started kidnapping Jews.”

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00:29:20

Chapter 2: In the Shadow of War

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/09/28

With the German invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, the country is split between the Nazi invaders and the Soviet Union. Vilna winds up in the hands of the Soviets, then the Lithuanians, then the Soviets again, who set about seizing property and businesses, and arresting and deporting perceived enemies of the state.

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00:27:11

Chapter 1: Childhood Memories

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/09/20

Recollections of life before 1939 evoke the rich diversity of Vilna’s thriving Jewish community, including its multiple synagogues and political and social organizations. The impact on daily life of rising antisemitism foreshadows far darker times to come.

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00:10:42

Introduction: Remembering Vilna

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2023/09/20

“Those Who Were There” co-producers Nahanni Rous and Eric Marcus introduce a few of the voices that, over the course of 10 episodes, will bring to life the once-vibrant Jewish community of Vilna, Poland (present-day Vilnius, Lithuania) and chronicle its destruction during World War II.

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00:22:35

Preview: Into the Stacks at the YIVO

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2022/09/21

Join co-producers Nahanni Rous and Eric Marcus on a research trip to the YIVO Institute in preparation for the upcoming season of Those Who Were There that focuses on the city of Vilna—a once thriving center of Jewish life and culture. Their guide on this exploratory dive into YIVO’s archives is Eddy Portnoy, YIVO’s Academic Advisor and Director of Exhibitions. Among the documents they’re in search of is a rare, typewritten diary of life in the Vilna Ghetto during World War

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00:26:57

Episode 10 — Judith Perlaki

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2021/04/01

Teenaged Judith Perlaki recalled cheating death twice after being deported from Hungary to Auschwitz. But most of her family wasn’t so fortunate. While assigned to sort the belongings of people sent to the gas chambers, Judith discovered the dresses of her little sister and aunt.

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00:25:15

Episode 9 — Elias Recanati

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2021/03/11

When the Germans took control of the Greek city of Salonika, Elias Racanati’s family had one chance to escape—his mother’s family hailed from Spain. But they had to cross German-occupied Europe to get there.

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00:28:45

Episode 8 — Malka Baran

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2021/02/18

Malka Baran expressed her love of children by caring for a toddler hidden in the barracks of a concentration camp and teaching first grade at her DP camp. It was the start of her lifelong commitment to early-childhood education.

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00:29:09

Episode 7 - Leon Pommers

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2021/01/28

Fleeing Warsaw ahead of the invading Nazis, concert pianist Leon Pommers was propelled into a perilous journey around the world in hopes of reuniting with his sister in America.

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00:27:00

Episode 6 - Esther Schwartzman

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2021/01/07

As Polish Jews fled across the border into Hungary bearing stories of Nazi atrocities, Esther Schwartzman’s family and community didn’t believe that such things could happen to them. Then in early 1944, everything changed.

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00:24:10

Episode 5 - Abram Merczynski

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2020/12/03

When Abram Merczynski’s brother organized an orchestra in the Lodz ghetto, Abram promised himself that if he survived the war, he’d learn to play the violin. He lived—and kept his promise.

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00:29:15

Episode 4 - Helena Jonas

Those Who Were There: Voices from the Holocaust ·

2020/11/12

Deported to the Plaszów concentration camp, Helen Jonas faced almost certain death. Instead, she was chosen by Amon Göth—the camp’s notorious, brutal commandant—to be his servant.

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35 results

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