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PODCAST

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of Critical Infrastructure

Pentagram Advisory

What comprises Australia’s national interest, and how does the rise of insider threat activity in Australia’s critical infrastructure connect to Australia’s national interest? I expect this topic was not the first thing on your mind when you woke this morning ready for breakfast and a hot shower, however the topic is relevant because it is fundamental to you having breakfast, a wash, and getting on with you day. Let me explain.

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All Episodes

00:25:37

In the National Interest: War with Iran - energy...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/03/26

This article explores the risks and consequence for Australia stemming from the 2026 war with Iran and resultant oil supply shock.

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00:20:20

Why People Protect the Organisation: Intrinsic...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/03/23

Why People Protect the OrganisationWhat drives people to act in the organisation’s interest—especially when no one is watching?In this episode, we explore why security is not sustained by controls alone, but by human behaviour. We examine the role of intrinsic motivation, trust, and purpose in shaping security culture, and how these factors influence insider risk.Drawing on insights from workforce assurance and Trusted Workforce Programs, this discussion highlights how organisations can move beyond

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00:16:04

War with Iran: alerts for Australia's critical...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/03/20

Pentagram Advisory Pty Ltd invites you to watch and / or listen this recording of our recent article about the risks that war with Iran poses to Australia's critical infrastructure entities.Whilst critical infrastructure entity attack surfaces span a myriad of threat vectors, including cyber attacks, Pentagram's article focuses on the people component - those people employed within Australia's critical infrastructure entities as possible sources of harm.Iranian expatriates in Australia

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00:31:41

The Seven Risk Factors Behind Insider Vulnerability

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/03/15

Insider threats rarely begin with malicious intent — they often emerge gradually as ordinary life pressures create unexpected vulnerabilities around trusted employees.In this episode, Tim Slattery and Marina Shteinberg from Pentagram Advisory explore the seven risk factors behind insider vulnerability, drawn from the Australian Government Personnel Security Adjudicative Standard within the Protective Security Policy Framework.Using a realistic workplace scenario, the discussion explains how

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00:22:16

Under-Resourced and Over-Exposed: Why Boards Must...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/03/02

Across Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors, many organisations are working hard to comply with the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018 (SOCI Act). Cyber security has matured. CIRMP frameworks are in place. Annual attestations are part of governance cycles.But is security risk truly being governed and resourced proportionately to exposure?In this episode, Pentagram Advisory explores a recurring structural imbalance in how security risk is integrated into enterprise governance. We

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00:15:00

How to Introduce Workforce Assurance for Existing...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/02/13

How do you strengthen workforce assurance for existing employees — without creating the very insider risk you’re trying to reduce?In this episode, Pentagram Advisory explores one of the most sensitive challenges facing critical infrastructure organisations: introducing a Trusted Workforce Program into an established workforce.As regulatory expectations evolve and insider threat becomes more visible, many organisations are expanding screening and personnel security measures. But poorly managed change

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00:16:02

Trusted Workforce Assurance In Australia For...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/02/02

Workforce assurance is now a strategic security capability for Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors.In this episode, we explore how organisations can build defensible workforce assurance for non-citizen offshore applicants whose personal, professional, and behavioural history may sit largely outside Australian systems.We examine why traditional, point-in-time background checking alone cannot provide sufficient assurance in this context, and why a trusted workforce assurance model must be

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00:25:10

From Entry to Exit: Why Workforce Assurance must be...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/01/26

In this final episode of Pentagram Advisory’s three-part Workforce Assurance in Critical Infrastructure series, we explore why trust cannot stop at the point of hiring — and why the highest personnel security risks often emerge long after someone has joined an organisation. From ongoing suitability and the critical role of reporting, to treating offboarding as a security event and recognising post-employment risk, this episode unpacks how workforce assurance must operate across the entire employment

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00:19:36

In the National Interest – Leadership required to...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/01/19

The Bondi Beach massacre in December 2025 is the most deadly and consequential terrorist attack on Australian soil. That it happened is a national tragedy. That it happened is not a surprise.Pentagram's podcast explores the possible consequences for Australia's society, for people - be they Muslim, Jew or gentile - and how this might affect people in the workplace, with particular focus on Australia's critical infrastructure workplaces. The article calls for private sector leadership, in

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00:29:08

Rethinking Pre-Employment Screening: Building...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/01/12

Pre-employment screening in critical infrastructure is often treated as a compliance step — a set of standard checks applied to every role, regardless of the risk it carries. But this approach rarely delivers real security assurance.In this episode, we explain how organisations can move beyond generic, outsourced background checks and build proportionate, risk-led pre-employment screening in-house, using many of the processes they already have in place. Most organisations are already doing a lot —

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00:33:18

Why the AusCheck background check is not enough —...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2026/01/05

In this episode, we explore why many critical infrastructure organisations continue to rely on the AusCheck background check as their primary assurance measure — and why that reliance creates a dangerous illusion of safety.AusCheck provides coordinated, point-in-time background checking that is primarily focused on identifying terrorism-related and criminal risks. It does not provide an understanding of the broader personal security risks that may need to be monitored and managed across the

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00:11:19

Beyond Compliance With The Security Of Critical...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/12/17

Beyond Compliance with the SOCI Act: Why Effective Security Risk Management Matters More Than a ‘Compliant’ CIRMPA Pentagram Advisory perspectiveAs organisations across Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors continue to mature under the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018, many Boards and executives are asking a familiar question: Are we compliant?In this episode, Pentagram Advisory reflects on why compliance alone is not enough — and why a Critical Infrastructure Risk Management

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00:17:22

National Security Threats Impacting Australia’s...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/12/17

In October and November 2025, the heads of Australia’s two most significant strategic intelligence assessment agencies made public their views on the geostrategic threats confronting Australia today. In those remarks, both leaders set out some of the threats and explored some of the consequences that could be inflicted upon Australia, including Australia’s critical infrastructure assets, if action is not taken now to detect, deter, and defend against these threats to Australia’s national

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00:10:34

Insider Threat – Looking at the ‘Whole Person’

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/11/24

In this episode, we explore why understanding the whole person is essential to managing insider threats across Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors. Drawing on decades of national security experience, the discussion examines why insider threat remains one of the most complex and misunderstood challenges under the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018 (SOCI Act).We unpack the behaviours, vulnerabilities and coercive pressures that can turn a trusted insider into a threat, the realities

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00:15:21

When familiarity creates blindness: Rethinking...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/11/19

In this episode, we explore one of the most overlooked vulnerabilities in today’s organisations: the way familiarity, comfort and trust can blind leaders to emerging insider-related risks.Drawing on recent NPSA research and Pentagram Advisory’s insights, we unpack why insider threat often feels “unlikely,” how the psychological contract shapes behaviour long before policies do, and why point-in-time checks provide only the illusion of safety.We examine the cultural resistance to insider threat

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00:17:55

Building Assurance: A Framework for Risk-Based Supply...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/11/14

In this episode, we unpack one of the most critical challenges facing Australia’s essential services: understanding and managing the risks hidden within complex supply chains. Modern critical infrastructure depends on long, interconnected, and often opaque networks of suppliers — and under the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018, these dependencies are now a regulated security obligation.Drawing on Pentagram Advisory’s Eight-Step Risk-Based Supply Chain Mapping and Categorisation Framework,

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00:29:01

In the National Interest: China’s Cognitive Warfare

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/10/20

Welcome to another podcast in Pentagram Advisory’s ‘In the National Interest’ series, a series in which we explore geostrategic issues relevant to the security of Australia’s critical infrastructure.In this episode we will explore the subject of the China’s waging of cognitive warfare against Australia and other Western democracies. We will explore the relevance of the threat of cognitive warfare Australia's critical infrastructure and consider mitigations that critical infrastructure owners and

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00:16:43

Establishing a Critical Worker Identification and...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/10/16

Across Australia’s critical infrastructure sectors, one of the most persistent challenges under the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act 2018 is identifying and managing critical workers — those individuals whose absence, compromise, or misconduct could disrupt essential services.In this episode, Pentagram Advisory introduces the Seven-Step Critical Worker Identification and Risk Management Framework — a practical, regulator-aligned approach that helps organisations move from compliance to

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00:12:07

When Trust Breaks, Free Will Decides: How the...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/09/22

Why do employees sometimes go above and beyond to protect their organisation — and other times bend rules, ignore policies, or disengage from security altogether?In this episode, Pentagram Advisory explores the role of the psychological contract — the unwritten expectations of trust and fairness between employer and employee — and how its breakdown fuels insider threats. Drawing on research from the University of Warwick, we unpack why technical controls alone aren’t enough, how to recognise early

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00:11:55

Countering Foreign Interference: Insider Threat...

In Australia’s National Interest - Security of... ·

2025/09/09

Espionage and foreign interference are now assessed as certain threats to Australia’s critical infrastructure. In this episode, Pentagram Advisory explores how insider threat programs — guided by the Protective Security Policy Framework and aligned with SOCI Act obligations — help organisations counter these risks. We unpack why people are both the first line of defence and the most attractive target.

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