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PODCAST

International Legal English

Whether you"re a lawyer, law student, or legal professional, this podcast helps you improve your Legal English skills. Each episode breaks down essential legal vocabulary, grammar, and real-world usage in contracts, negotiations, and court proceedings. Designed for non-native speakers, we focus on clear explanations, practical examples, and useful tips to boost your legal communication. Full Disclosure: This podcast is made with 100% AI tools. It complements the International Legal English textbook

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All Episodes

00:27:47

European Shareholder Agreements: Control, Exit, and...

International Legal English ·

2025/08/22

Shareholder agreements—sometimes called stockholders’ agreements or pacte d’actionnaires—are powerful private contracts that go far beyond a company’s public articles of association. They shape how ownership, control, and governance work in practice, and they are especially important in privately held companies across Europe, such as Dutch BVs, German GmbHs, or French SARLs. Unlike public documents, they remain confidential, giving shareholders the freedom to design bespoke rules while keeping

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00:39:28

Cross-Border Collapse: Navigating Global Insolvencies

International Legal English ·

2025/04/18

In this episode, we explore four landmark European corporate insolvency cases—Air Berlin, Cimolai S.p.A., Collins & Aikman, and Thomas Cook Group—highlighting key legal strategies, coordination challenges, and stakeholder impacts.Air Berlin (2017): Germany-based airline collapsed after Etihad withdrew financial support. Main insolvency proceedings were opened in Germany under the EU Insolvency Regulation, with COMI disputes arising over Austrian subsidiary NIKI. The case involved liquidation and

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00:23:07

Corporate Insolvency Insights: Navigating Financial...

International Legal English ·

2025/04/16

Corporate Insolvency Law: Key Concepts and ProceduresObjective: Provides a structured approach for handling insolvent companies through rescue or liquidation.Distinct from personal insolvency, which focuses on giving individuals a fresh start.Goal: Balance the rights and interests of creditors, shareholders, and employees.Common Law Systems (e.g., UK): Use procedures like administration, receivership, and Company Voluntary Arrangements (CVAs).Civil Law Systems (e.g., Czech Republic): Use statutory

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00:14:25

Filing Court Motions: Purpose, Types, and Drafting

International Legal English ·

2025/04/02

Court Motions: Definition, Purpose, and Strategic ImportanceI. Introduction to MotionsDefinition: A motion is a formal request made to a court for a specific ruling or order.Purpose: Motions serve as vital legal tools used throughout litigation to obtain rulings, clarify legal issues, shape case strategy, and manage proceedings.II. Importance of Motions in LitigationMotions influence the direction and outcome of a case.Strategic use of motions can:Strengthen a party's legal positionLimit or

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00:23:01

Navigating the World of Insurance Contracts

International Legal English ·

2025/04/01

Insurance Law: Key Principles and Legal Framework1. Insurance as a Risk Management ToolInsurance allows individuals or entities to transfer financial risks to insurance companies in exchange for premiums.This transfer is formalized through an insurance contract (policy).Insurance law governs these contracts, ensuring fairness and protecting the rights of both parties.2. Fundamental Principles of Insurance LawInsurable Interest:The insured must have a legitimate financial stake in the insured

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00:14:45

Debtor-Creditor Relationships: Concepts, Liens, and...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/30

Debtor-Creditor Law: Essential Concepts and Legal RemediesI. Fundamental Concepts of Debtor-Creditor RelationshipsDefinition: A legal relationship where one party (debtor) owes money to another (creditor).Rights and Duties: Creditors are entitled to repayment; debtors are obligated to repay under agreed terms.Priority: Secured creditors (with liens or collateral) generally have repayment priority over unsecured creditors.General vs. Preferred Creditors: Preferred creditors have legal advantages

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00:13:37

Real Property Law Fundamentals

International Legal English ·

2025/03/29

Real Property Law: Key Themes and Legal Foundations1. Real vs. Personal PropertyReal property: Land and anything permanently attached to it (e.g., buildings, trees).Personal property: Movable items.This distinction matters for ownership, taxation, and legal regulation.2. Estates in LandDefines legal rights in land, categorized by duration and nature:Fee Simple: Most complete ownership, indefinite duration.Life Estate: Lasts for the lifetime of a person; passes to a "remainder beneficiary"

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00:21:53

Sale of Goods: Contracts and Key Terms

International Legal English ·

2025/03/29

Sale of Goods Contracts: Legal Foundations and Drafting EssentialsI. Introduction to the Sale of Goods LegislationSale of goods legislation governs transactions involving the exchange of tangible items for a price, including online sales. Its goal is to resolve legal questions around such transactions efficiently and comprehensively.Key concepts include:"Sale" = transfer of title from seller to buyer."Goods" = typically tangible items, sometimes extended to intangible chattel

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00:31:09

Term Sheets, SHAs, and Investment Agreements

International Legal English ·

2025/03/27

Investment Contracts in the EU and Czech Republic: Key Concepts and StructuresI. Core Contract Types and StandardizationInvestment transactions typically involve three main contracts:Shareholders’ Agreement (SHA): Defines governance and shareholder rights beyond constitutional documents.Investment Agreement: Records the terms of the actual investment (share issuance or purchase).Term Sheet: A preliminary, mostly non-binding summary of proposed investment terms.Standard templates from groups like

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00:20:35

Employment Law: Case Studies

International Legal English ·

2025/03/23

Glossary of Key TermsAffirmative Action / Positive Action: Policies and practices designed to promote the employment and representation of individuals from underrepresented groups.At-Will Employment: An employment arrangement where the employer or employee can terminate the relationship at any time for any legal reason, without notice or cause.Boilerplate Clauses: Standardized clauses commonly found in contracts, addressing routine legal matters (e.g., severability, force majeure).Cease and Desist:

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00:26:03

Crafting International Employment Contracts: Key...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/22

International Employment Contracts: Legal Complexities and Best PracticesI. OverviewInternational employment contracts involve higher complexity and risk than domestic ones. They define cross-border employment relationships and must be drafted carefully to protect both employer and employee. The key is clarity, legal compliance, and risk mitigation through expert guidance and jurisdiction-specific terms.II. Core Legal ConsiderationsA. Local Labor Law ComplianceMandatory provisions (e.g., working

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00:25:36

International Non-Disclosure Agreements: Law and...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/19

Glossary of Key TermsNon-Disclosure Agreement (NDA): A legally binding contract that establishes a confidential relationship between two or more parties to protect sensitive information from unauthorized disclosure. Also known as Confidentiality Agreement (CA), Confidential Disclosure Agreement (CDA), Proprietary Information Agreement (PIA), or Secrecy Agreement (SA).Proprietary Information: Confidential information that a company or individual owns and has the right to protect, such as trade

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00:17:24

Contract Third Parties: Beneficiaries, Assignment,...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/17

Privity of Contract and Its ExceptionsI. Privity of Contract: The FoundationContracts generally confer rights and impose duties only on the parties involved.Third parties typically cannot enforce contractual provisions."Privity of contract" refers to this exclusive contractual relationship.II. Exceptions to Privity: Third-Party Beneficiary ContractsContracts can be designed to benefit a third party.Courts assess the intent of the contracting parties to determine if a third party has

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00:21:12

The Criminal Justice Process: A Comprehensive Guide

International Legal English ·

2025/03/15

Glossary of Key TermsArrest: The act of taking a person into custody by legal authority, typically when there is probable cause to believe they have committed a crime.Arraignment: The defendant's first formal appearance in court where they are informed of the charges against them, advised of their rights, and asked to enter a plea.Bail: A financial guarantee provided by a defendant to the court to ensure their appearance at all future court proceedings, allowing them to be released from

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00:29:01

Corporate Spin-Offs: Structure, Purpose, and Tax...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/15

Spin-offs and Demergers: Mechanisms, Motivations, and ImplicationsI. Spin-offsA. Definition and Mechanics:A spin-off occurs when a company distributes a business unit to its shareholders, creating a separate entity.Can be pro rata (shareholders retain stock in both companies) or non-pro rata (split-offs, requiring shareholders to exchange parent stock for new company stock).B. Reasons for Spin-offs:Separation of Incompatible Businesses: Distinct operations function better independently.Access to

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00:30:50

Director Liability Case Studies

International Legal English ·

2025/03/10

Main Themes and Key Ideas:1. Breach of Duty of Care and the Business Judgment RuleDirectors must act with due diligence and in the best interests of the company and shareholders.Case: Smith v. Van Gorkom (1985) – Established liability for "gross negligence" in uninformed decision-making.Impact: Led to Delaware exculpation clauses (§102(b)(7)) shielding directors from personal liability for duty of care breaches (with exceptions).2. Failure of Oversight (“Caremark” Claims)Directors must

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00:18:50

Secured Transactions

International Legal English ·

2025/03/06

I. Core Concepts and DefinitionsLoan: A lender provides money to a borrower, who agrees to repay it with interest.Mortgage: A debt instrument where real property serves as security for a loan.Pledge: A debtor deposits personal property as collateral.Lien: A creditor’s claim on a debtor’s property to secure payment.II. Purpose of Secured TransactionsProvide credit for the borrower.Ensure security for the lender.Quote: "The purpose of secured transactions is to provide credit for the borrower and

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00:21:53

Competition Law: Cartels, Mergers, Monopolies, and...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/04

I. OverviewThis episode explores key concepts in competition law, a field combining economics and law to regulate business practices and prevent anti-competitive behavior. The goal is to enhance market efficiency, maximize consumer benefit, and ensure fair competition.II. Key Concepts and DefinitionsCartel: An agreement among competing businesses to control prices or output, often thriving in markets with high entry barriers.Monopoly: A business or group that dominates a market, controlling supply

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00:32:15

Understanding Negotiable Instruments: Promissory...

International Legal English ·

2025/03/04

Key Themes and Ideas:Definition and Examples:Negotiable instruments are documents representing an intangible right to payment. Examples include promissory notes, certificates of deposit, and cheques.Negotiability:Negotiable instruments can be freely transferred through endorsement (signature) or delivery.Quote: "A document becomes negotiable when drafted using the correct legal language, allowing it to be freely transferred by endorsement or delivery."Exception to Nemo Dat Rule:Unlike most

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00:14:14

Contracts: Elements, Terms, and Validity

International Legal English ·

2025/03/04

I. Core Elements and Formation of a ContractDefinition: A contract arises from a legally enforceable promise.Essential Elements: Under common law, a contract requires:Offer: A proposal made by one party (offeror).Acceptance: Agreement by the other party (offeree).Consideration: Exchange of something of legal value (not a gift or donation).Quote: "A promise becomes an enforceable contract when there is an offer by one party that is accepted by another with legally sufficient

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