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PODCAST

Zoroastrianism.

Zoroastrianism, one of the world"s oldest organized religions, centers on the teachings of the prophet Zarathustra (Zoroaster) and emphasizes the duality of good and evil, with Ahura Mazda as the supreme deity.

religion & spirituality

All Episodes

3:15

17. Scripture. Avesta.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/07/03

17. Scripture. Avesta.The Avesta, Book Pahlavi: is the text corpus of religious literature of Zoroastrianism. All its texts are composed in the Avestan language and written in the Avestan alphabet. Modern editions of the Avesta are based on the various manuscript traditions that have survived in India and Iran.

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4:02

16. Practices and rituals.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/07/02

16. Practices and rituals.Throughout Zoroastrian history, shrines and temples have been the focus of worship and pilgrimage for adherents of the religion. Early Zoroastrians were recorded as worshiping in the 5th century BCE on mounds and hills where fires were lit below the open skies. In the wake of Achaemenid expansion, shrines were constructed throughout the empire and particularly influenced the role of Mithra, Aredvi Sura Anahita, Verethragna and Tishtrya, alongside other traditional Yazata

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8:25

15. Cosmology.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/07/02

15. Cosmology.According to the Zoroastrian creation myth, there is one universal, transcendent, all-good, and uncreated supreme creator deity Ahura Mazda,or the "Wise Lord" (Ahura meaning "Lord" and Mazda meaning "Wisdom" in Avestan). Zoroaster keeps the two attributes separate as two different concepts in most of the Gathas yet sometimes combines them into one form. Zoroaster also proclaims that Ahura Mazda is omniscient but not omnipotent. Ahura Mazda existed in light and goodness above, while

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7:50

14. Principal beliefs, Tenets of faith.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/07/01

14. Principal beliefs, Tenets of faith.In Zoroastrianism, Ahura Mazda is the beginning and the end, the creator of everything that can and cannot be seen, the eternal and uncreated, the all-good and source of Asha. In the Gathas, the most sacred texts of Zoroastrianism thought to have been composed by Zoroaster himself, Zoroaster acknowledged the highest devotion to Ahura Mazda, with worship and adoration also given to Ahura Mazda's manifestations (Amesha Spenta) and the other ahuras (Yazata) that

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5:21

13. Etymology & Theology.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/07/01

13. Etymology & Theology.The theological category of Zoroastrianism is hard to define. The reasons are the difficulties in assigning precise dates to the principal texts and the fact that many contain much older material. Furthermore, Zoroastrianism shaped only slowly over time and was not complete even by the time of the Muslim conquest of Persia. Polytheistic, monotheistic, and dualistic strands can be identified in the wider Zoroastrian tradition, with dualism being the dominant tendency. The

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5:07

12. ZOROASTRIANISM.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/30

12. Zoroastrianism.Zoroastrianism (Persian: Dīn-e Zartoshtī), also called Mazdayasnā (Avestan) or Beh-dīn, is an Iranian religion centred on the Avesta and the teachings of Zarathushtra Spitama, who is more commonly referred to by the Greek translation, Zoroaster (Greek: Zōroastris). Among the world's oldest organized faiths, its adherents exalt an uncreated, benevolent, and all-wise deity known as Ahura Mazda, who is hailed as the supreme being of the universe. Opposed to Ahura Mazda is Angra

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2:24

11. Western references to Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/30

11. Western references to Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism.In the modern era.An early reference to Zoroaster in English literature occur in the writings of the physician-philosopher Sir Thomas Browne who asserted in his Religio Medici (1643):I believe, besides Zoroaster, there were divers that writ before Moses, who notwithstanding have suffered the common fate of time.

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8:35

10. Western references to Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/30

10. Western references to Zoroaster and Zoroastrianism.In classical antiquity.The Greeks—in the Hellenistic sense of the term—had an understanding of Zoroaster as expressed by Plutarch, Diogenes Laertius, and Agathias that saw him, at the core, to be the "prophet and founder of the religion of the Iranian peoples," Beck notes that "the rest was mostly fantasy". Zoroaster was set in the ancient past, six to seven millennia before the Common Era, and was described as a king of Bactria or a Babylonian

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1:40

9. Iconography.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/29

9. Iconography.Although a few recent depictions of Zoroaster show him performing some deed of legend, in general the portrayals merely present him in white vestments (which are also worn by present-day Zoroastrian priests). He often is seen holding a collection of unbound rods or twigs, known as a baresman (Avestan; Middle Persian barsom), which is generally considered to be another symbol of priesthood, or with a book in hand, which may be interpreted to be the Avesta...

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2:20

8. Philosophy.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/29

8. Philosophy.In the Gathas, Zoroaster sees the human condition as the mental struggle between aša and druj. The cardinal concept of aša—which is highly nuanced and difficult to translate—is at the foundation of all Zoroastrian doctrine, including that of Ahura Mazda (who is aša), creation (that is aša), existence (that is aša), and as the condition for free will.

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7:50

7. Influences.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/29

7. Influences.In Christianity.....

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3:42

6. Life.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

6. Life.Zoroaster is recorded as the son of Pourushaspa of the Spitama family, and Dugdōw, while his great-grandfather was Haēčataspa. All the names appear appropriate to the nomadic tradition. His father's name means 'possessing gray horses' (with the word aspa meaning 'horse'), while his mother's means 'milkmaid'. According to the tradition, he had four brothers, two older and two younger, whose names are given in much later Pahlavi work.

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4:01

5. Place.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

5. Place.The birthplace of Zoroaster is also unknown, and the language of the Gathas is not similar to the proposed north-western and north-eastern regional dialects of Persia. It is also suggested that he was born in one of the two areas and later lived in the other area.

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4:25

4. Zoroastrian and Muslim scholarship.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

4. Zoroastrian and Muslim scholarship.Some later pseudo-historical and Zoroastrian sources (the Bundahishn, which references a date "258 years before Alexander") place Zoroaster in the 6th century BC, which coincided with the accounts by Ammianus Marcellinus from the 4th century AD. The traditional Zoroastrian date originates in the period immediately following Alexander the Great's conquest of the Achaemenid Empire in 330 BC. The Seleucid rulers who gained power following Alexander's death

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2:08

3. Date.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

3. Date.There is no consensus on the dating of Zoroaster. The Avesta gives no direct information about it, while historical sources are conflicting. Some scholars base their date reconstruction on the Proto-Indo-Iranian language and Proto-Indo-Iranian religion, while others use internal evidence. While many scholars today consider a date around 1000 BC to be the most likely, others still consider a range of dates between 1500 and 500 BC to be possible.

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4:44

2. Name and etymology.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

2. Name and etymology.Zoroaster's name in his native language, Avestan, was probably Zaraθuštra. His translated name, "Zoroaster", derives from a later (5th century BC) Greek transcription, Zōroastrēs (Ζωροάστρης), as used in Xanthus's Lydiaca (Fragment 32) and in Plato's First Alcibiades. This form appears subsequently in the Latin Zōroastrēs, and, in later Greek orthographies, as Ζωροάστρις, Zōroastris. The Greek form of the name appears to be based on a phonetic transliteration or semantic

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2:03

1. ZOROASTER.

Zoroastrianism. ·

2025/06/28

Zoroaster.Zarathushtra Spitama, more commonly known as Zoroaster or Zarathustra, was an Iranian religious reformer who challenged the tenets of the contemporary Ancient Iranian religion, becoming the spiritual founder of Zoroastrianism. Variously described as a sage or a wonderworker; in the oldest Zoroastrian scriptures, the Gathas, which he is believed to have authored, he is described as a preacher and a poet-prophet. He also had an impact on Heraclitus, Plato, Pythagoras, and the Abrahamic

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